Detergents biodegradable

Linear paraffins in the C q to range are used for the production of alcohols and plasticizers and biodegradable detergents of the linear alkylbenzene sulfonate and nonionic types (see Alcohols Plasticizers Surfactants). Here the UOP Molex process is used to extract / -paraffins from a hydrotreated kerosine (6—8). 

The normal paraffins produced are raw materials for the manufacture of biodegradable detergents, plasticizers, alcohols, and synthetic proteins. Removal of the / -paraffins upgrades gasoline by improving the octane rating. 

Similar polyacetals were prepared by BASF scientists from CO-aldehydic aUphatic carboxyUc acids (189,190) and by the addition of poly(hydroxycarboxyhc acid)s such as tartaric acid to divinyl ethers (191) as biodegradable detergent polymers. 

W. McGucken, Biodegradable Detergents and the Environment, Texas A and M University Press, College Station, 1994. 

B. V. Vora, P. R. Pujado, M. A. Allawala, and T. R. Fritsch, "Production of Biodegradable Detergent Intermediates," Second World Surfactants Congress, Paris, Fiance, May 24—27, 1988. 

Sulfonation of these compounds produces linear alkane sulfonates (LAS) which are used as biodegradable detergents. 

Sorbitol is the most important higher polyol used in direct esterification of fatty acids. Esters of sorbitans and sorbitans modified with ethylene oxide are extensively used as surface-active agents. Interesteritication of fatty acid methyl esters with sucrose yields biodegradable detergents, and with starch yields thermoplastic polymers (36). 

Monochloroparaffins in this range may be dehydrochlorinated to the corresponding monoolefms and used as alkylating agents for the production of biodegradable detergents. Alternatively, the monochloroparaffins are used directly to alkylate benzene in presence of a Lewis acid catalyst to produce alkylates for the detergent production. These reactions could be illustrated as follows ... 

Oligomerization of ethylene using a Ziegler catalyst produces unbranched alpha olefins in the C12-C16 range by an insertion mechanism. A similar reaction using triethylaluminum produces linear alcohols for the production of biodegradable detergents. 

Alpha olefins are important compounds for producing biodegradable detergents. They are sulfonated and neutralized to alpha olefin sulfonates (AOS) ... 

Biodegradable detergent alkylate Alkylation procedure (C,0/,4) -paraffins 134... 

Currently, worldwide production of aldehydes exceeds 7 million tons/year (1). Higher aldehydes are important intermediates in the synthesis of industrial solvents, biodegradable detergents, surfactants, lubricants, and other plasticizers. The process, called hydroformylation or more familiarly, the Oxo process, refers to the addition of hydrogen and the formyl group, CHO, across a double bond. Two possible isomers can be formed (linear or branched) and the linear isomer is the desired product for these applications. 

Aminosugars are the basic compounds of a new class of highly biodegradable detergents based on re-growing resources . Alkyl glucamides (AGs) (e.g. C12/i4-A -methyl glucamides) are one of the main... 

Uses Solvent standardized hydrocarbon manufacturing paraffin products biodegradable detergents Jet fuel research rubber industry paper processing industry distillation chaser component of gasoline and similar fuels organic synthesis. 

What are biodegradable and non-biodegradable detergents Give one example of each. 

Surfactant concentrations in polluted natural water bodies interfere with the self-purification process in several ways. First, certain detergents such as ABS are refractory or difficult to biodegrade and even toxic or inhibitory to microorganisms, and influence the BOD exhibited by organic pollution in surface waters. On the other hand, readily biodegradable detergents could impose an extreme short-term burden on the self-purification capacity of a water course, possibly introducing anaerobic conditions. 

The linear olefins are used in the production of biodegradable detergents. The Cq to cuts are fed to alkylation units where the olefins react with benzene to form alkylbenzenes which are subsequently sulphonated. The paraffins present in the feed pass through unconverted. These are then chlorinated and used as plasticizers. The linear olefins can also be converted to linear aldehydes and alcohols by hydroformylation. 

Agitating the soil in an aqueous solution of nonionic biodegradable detergent to promote emulsification of the oil... 

According to the developer, the Trigon Group, L.L.C., system is more effective when a solution of nonionic, biodegradable detergent is used. 

The use of n-paraffins recovered include octane value enhancement of gasoline, solvents and raw materials for biodegradable detergents, fire retardants, plasticizers, alcohol, fatty acids, synthetic proteins, lube oil additives, and a-olefins. A detailed discussion on n-paraffin separation processes is available (1). 

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