Biochemistry, comparative proteins

The comparative biochemistry of proteins is still in its beginning. Research was first directed towards the study of the protein components of mammals, but is now extending to other classes of vertebrates. In the case of fish, this study, of great economic importance, has been contributed to both by protein chemistry and technology. The main characteristics of fish protein are now satisfactorily defined, and a comparison of the highest and lowest classes of vertebrates is possible from the point of view of protein composition. 

Fiser A, Sanchez R, Melo F et al. Comparative protein structure modeling. Computational Biochemistry and Biophysics. New York Marcel Dekker, 2001 275-312. 

Field P. A. (2001). Review Protein function at thermal extremes balancing stability and flexibility, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A 129 417-431. 

Figure 5.9 Design of a generalized microbial cell fermentation vessel (a) and an animal cell bioreactor (b). Animal cell bioreactors display several structural differences compared with microbial fermentation vessels. Note in particular (i) the use of a marine-type impeller (some animal cell bioreactors-air lift fermenters-are devoid of impellers and use sparging of air-gas as the only means of media agitation) (ii) the absence of baffles (iii) curved internal surfaces at the bioreactor base. These modifications aim to minimize damage to the fragile animal cells during culture. Note that various additional bioreactor configurations are also commercially available. Reprinted with permission from Proteins Biochemistry and Biotechnology (2002), J. Wiley Sons...

W. C. Galley, Heterogeneity in protein emission spectra, in Concepts of Biochemical Fluorescence Vol. 2 (R. F. Chen and H. Edelhoch, eds.), pp. 409-439, Marcel Dekker, New York (1976).32. S.-Y. Mao and A. H. Maki, Comparative phosphorescence and optically detected magnetic resonance studies of fatty acid binding to serum albumin, Biochemistry 26, 3576-3582 (1987). 

Levine, P. T., Seyer, J. M., Huddleston, J., Glimcher, M. J. The comparative biochemistry of the organic matrix proteins of the developing enamel I. Amino acid composition. Arch, oral Biol. 12, 407 (1967)... 

Biochemical evolution refers to changes over geologic time of the fundamental composition of organic components—e.g., the sequence of amino acids in protein molecules. The best documented example of biochemical evolution is that of the respiratory pigment haemoglobin, and the relation of its evolution to the fossil record has been summarized recently (58). Many of the monographs on comparative biochemistry have discussed biochemical evolution (59, 60, 61), and the reader is... 

Ribeiro, P. and Webb, R.A. (1991) Serotonin stimulates protein phosphorylation in the cestode Hymenolepis diminuta. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C 100, 483 189. 

Fig. 18.2. Raman spectroscopy of live, fixed and dried cells. Raman spectrum of a single cell construct provides a unique biochemical fingerprint , which provides a snap shot of the entire biomolecular components. The mean Raman spectra (4 separate measurements) of a single live, fixed and desiccated epithelial cell are compared (a). Fixation and desiccation influence cellular biochemistry. Desiccation distorts Raman bands describing all cellular biopolymers, especially proteins. Distinct biochemical changes in the secondary structure of proteins in the fixed cell can also be detected. Similar results were obtained in several other cells when analysed under similar conditions. Light microscope pictures of the cells in live cell culture (b), and after fixation (c) and desiccation (d) are shown. Scalebar = 10 pm. [3]...

Cowey, C.B., Daisley, K.W. and Parry, G. (1962). Study of amino acids, free or as components of protein, and of some B vitamins, in the tissues of the Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, during spawning migration. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 7,29-38. 

Hamoir, G., Focant, B. and Dist che, M. (1972). Proteinic criteria of differentiation of white, cardiac and various red muscles in carp. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 41B, 665-674. 

Haschemeyer, A.E.V., Persell, R. and Smith, M.A.K. (1979). Effect of temperature on protein synthesis in fish of the Galapagos and Perlas Islands. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 64B, 91-95. 

Hochachka, RW. (1975). Why study proteins of abyssal organisms Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 52B, 1-2. 

Johnston, I.A. (1983). Comparative studies of contractile proteins from the skeletal and cardiac muscles of lower vertebrates. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 76A, 439-445. 

Lewander, K., Dave, G., Johansson, M.-L., Larsson, A. and Lidman, U. (1974). Metabolic and haematological studies on the yellow and silver phases of the European eel, Anguilla anguilla. -1. Carbohydrate, lipid, protein and inorganic ion metabolism. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 47B, 571-581. 

Saez, L., Goicoschea, O., Amthauer, R. and Krauskopi, M. (1982). Behaviour of RNA and protein synthesis during the acclimation of the carp. Studies with isolated hepa-tocytes. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 72B, 31-38. 

Feng, Q., Boone, A.N. and Vijayan, M.M. (2003) Copper impact on heat shock protein 70 expression and apoptosis in rainbow trout hepatocytes, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C 135 (3), 345-355. 

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