Spawning migrations

Saunders, R.L. and J.B. Sprague. 1967. Effects of copper-zinc mining pollution on a spawning migration of... 

Ando, S. (1986). Studies on the food biochemical aspects of changes in chum salmon during spawning migration. Mechanisms of muscle deterioration and nuptial colouration. Memoirs of the Faculty of Fisheries, Hokkaido University 33,1-95. 

Cowey, C.B., Daisley, K.W. and Parry, G. (1962). Study of amino acids, free or as components of protein, and of some B vitamins, in the tissues of the Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, during spawning migration. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 7,29-38. 

Gleebe, B.D. and Leggett, W.C. (1981). Temporal intrapopulation differences in energy allocation and use by American shad during spawning migration. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 38,795-805. 

Greene, C.W. (1919). Biochemical changes in the muscle tissue of king salmon during the fast of the spawning migration. Journal of Biological Chemistry 39, 435-456. 

Idler, D.R. and Bitners, I. (1958). Biochemical studies on sockeye salmon during spawning migration. Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology 36, 793-798. 

Idler, D.R. and Clemens, W.A. (1953). The energy expenditures of Fraser River sockeye salmon during the spawning migration to Chilko and Stuart Lakes. International Pacific Salmon Fishery Commission, Progress Report, 1-80. 

Krivobok, M.N. and Tarkovskaya, O.I. (1960). Determination of the term of spawning migrations of Baltic herring based on the study of its fat metabolism (In Russian). Trudy VNIRO 42,171-189. 

Maksimovich, A.A. (1989). The structural and functional changes of neurosecretory nuclei in pink salmon hypothalamus during spawning migration (In Russian). Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Biologiya 1989(5), 674-681. 

Mommsen, T.P., French, C.J. and Hochachka, P.W. (1980). Sites and patterns of protein and amino acid utilisation during the spawning migration of salmon. Canadian Journal of Zoology 58,1785-1799. 

Patton, S. and Trams, E.G. (1973). Salmon heart triglycerides during spawning migration. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 46B, 851-855. 

Plisetskaya, E.M., Soltitskaya, L.P. and Leibson, L.G. (1977). Insulin in blood of catadromous lampreys and fish during spawning migration (In Russian). In Evolution of Endocrinology of the Pancreas , pp.127-133. Nauka, Leningrad. 

Among the seasonal migrants from the Mediterranean Sea, there are several species of fishes that perform seasonal feeding or spawning migrations to the Black Sea. These species refer to migrants meanwhile, they play or at least played a significant role in the trophic dynamics of the Black Sea ecosystem. 

Olfaction, the sense of smell, is an important neural system in various animal species, including fish, for their life. Fish can detect a variety of odorants emitted from objects and dissolved in the water, such as amino acids, bile salts, nucleotides, polyamines, prostaglandins, and steroids. The fish olfactory system is extensively developed to receive and discriminate these odorant molecules, to transmit their signals to the brain, and to mediate fundamental behaviors such as food finding, alarm response, predator avoidance, social communication, reproductive activity, and spawning migration (Sorensen and Caprio 1998 Zielinski and Hara 2007). 

Kawai, Y., Hirayama, H., and Hatano, M., Emulsifying ability and physicochemical properties of muscle proteins of fall chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta during spawning migration, Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 56, 625, 1990. 

Suzuki, H., Chung, B.S., Isohe, S., Hayakawa, S., and Wada, S., 1988, Changes in 0)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the chum salmon muscle during spawning migration and extrusion cooking, J. Food Sci., 53, 1659. 

Salmonid fish avoid low concentrations of copper, 5 pg L 1 Cu or less (see review by Brown et al. 1982), which can block upstream swimming during spawning migrations (Saunders and Sprague 1967) and can make hatchery water ( home water ) less attractive and repellent (Atchison et al. 1987). Rainbow trout could not discriminate between conspecific and heterospecific water after ca. 40 days... 

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