Binder Percentage

Both laboratory experiments and computer simulations have shown that the random close packing of equal-sized, spherical-shaped particles occupies a volume percentage of 64%. It follows that, if we want to eliminate porosity in such a system, then we must fill the remaining 36% of space (the dead volume ) with an inert binder. By contrast, if we want to retain some porosity, then a certain fraction of the dead volume must be kept free of binder. On the basis of a 50/50 compromise between electrode cohesion and solution access, one may therefore reasonably conjecture that the volume percentage of inert binder should be 18%, and indeed this is a good starting point in the laboratory development of inks from equalsized, spherical-shaped particles. 

Of course, lower volume percentages of inert binder can be used if some of the dead volume Is packed with smaller particles of the conducting material (fines). Indeed, if the fines are equally sized among themselves, then the revised dead volume falls to 13% (i.e., 36% of 36%) and the volume percentage of inert binder that is needed to create a functioning porous electrode falls to 6.5%. At the other extreme, a volume percentage of binder higher than 18% could conceivably be used, but this would also increase the electrical resistance of the electrode. 

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K chlorate and water soluble binder (percentages are not given)... 

Similarly, for X (binder percentage), with a centre point -0.866 in terms of the old axis we subtract 0.866 x 5 = 4.33% from each value of the natural variable. 

Effect of Binder Percentage on the 60/40 Sodium Nitrate/Magnesium System... 

Burn Rate of an llluminant Composition vs. Binder Percentage... 

Splitting up the total amount of degraded paint material into a percentage of pigment and a percentage of binder. Gravimetric analysis of the destruction process enables the mass loss to be... 

A binder—free Na-Y zeolite with Si/Al ratio of 2.29 was obtained from Strem Chemical Co., La,Na—Y and Cs,Na-Y zeolites were prepared by exchanging Na-Y zeolite with LaCls and CsCl solution at room temperature. The percentage of metal ion exchanged in a zeolite has been determinated by Inductively-Coupled-Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy and the number is used as prefix for the samples, e.g., Cs exchanged level of 667. is represented as 66Cs,Na-Y sample. 

A pyrotechnic composition will usually contain a small percentage of an organic polymer that functions as a binder, holding all of the components together in a homogeneous blend. These binders, being organic compounds, will also serve as fuels in the mixture. 

If a binder is required in a colored flame mixture, the minimum possible percentage should be used. Carbon-containing compounds may be oxidized to the atomic carbon level... 

The head of a safety match consists of K chlorate 45-55, animal (hide) glue (as a binder) 9-11, sulfur or rosin 3-5, extender (starch, dextrin) 2-3, neutralizer (ZnO.or Ca carbonate) 45-55, infusorial earth 5-6 other siliceous filler 15-32%. Fractional percentages of a soluble burning rate catalyst, such as K di-chromate, also soluble dye stuffs, etc... 

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