Sodium bicarbonate test

Sodium azide, 918, 919 Sodium benzenesulphonate, 548,549 Sodium bicarbonate solution test, 360, 1071 ... 

Results Distilled water (test tube No. 1) made suds very easily and didn t require many drops of soap solution or much shaking. Tap water (test tube No. 2) made suds easily or else not at all, depending upon what part of the country you live in. The more minerals dissolved in your water, the less easily suds form. The calcium bicarbonate solution (test tube No. 3) made very few suds, and those that it did make disappeared very quickly. The other calcium bicarbonate solution (test tube No. 4) made very good suds after you boiled it and after a white precipitate separated out. The magnesium sulfate solution (test tube No. 5) formed few suds. The other magnesium sulfate solution (test tube No. 6) made goods suds after you added sodium tetraborate or potassium carbonate. 

After completion of the experiments, the mass balance for each system was evaluated by summation of the mineralized C02, the aqueous phase organics, the extractable and inunobilized organics, and the radioactivity associated with the reactor components. Glass reactor components were extracted with methanol. Other components were combusted in order to determine associated radioactivity. In all cases, the total radioactivity associated with the aqueous phase and the reactor components was between 3-5% of the initial radioactivity. In each system, there was a fraction of unrecovered radioactivity approximately equal to the amount mineralized. Experiments were conducted using labeled sodium bicarbonate to test the NaOH capture efficiency this was found to be above 98%. Therefore, we hypothesize that the unrecovered radioactivity was lost through volatile metabolites that were not captured by the NaOH filled center well. In this case, the unrecovered would also represent bioavailable phenanthrene. 

For alcohols of b.p. below 150°, mix 0- 5 g. of 3-nitrophthalic anhydride (Section VII,19) and 0-5 ml. (0-4 g.) of the dry alcohol in a test-tube fitted with a short condenser, and heat under reflux for 10 minutes after the mixture liquefies. For alcohols boiling above 150°, use the same quantities of reactants, add 5 ml. of dry toluene, heat under reflux until all the anhydride has dissolved and then for 20 minutes more remove the toluene under reduced pressure (suction with water pump). The reaction product usually solidifies upon cooling, particularly upon rubbing with a glass rod and standing. If it does not crystallise, extract it with dilute sodium bicarbonate solution, wash the extract with ether, and acidify. Recrystallise from hot water, or from 30 to 40 per cent, ethanol or from toluene. It may be noted that the m.p. of 3-nitrophthalic acid is 218°. 

Benzoates. Dissolve 0-5 g. of the amino acid in 10 ml. of 10 per cent, sodium bicarbonate solution and add 1 g. of benzoyl chloride. Shake the mixture vigorously in a stoppered test-tube remove the stopper from time to time since carbon dioxide is evolved. When the odour of benzoyl chloride has disappeared, acidify with dilute hydrochloric acid to Congo red and filter. Extract the solid with a little cold ether to remove any benzoic acid which may be present. RecrystaUise the benzoyl derivative which remains from hot water or from dilute alcohol. 

Add 4 4 g. of recrystaUised -phenylhydroxylamine to a mixture of 20 ml. of concentrated sulphuric acid and 60 g. of ice contained in a 1 litre beaker cooled in a freezing mixture. Dilute the solution with 400 ml. of water, and boil until a sample, tested with dichromate solution, gives the smell of quinone and not of nitrosobenzene or nitrobenzene (ca. 10-15 minutes). Neutralise the cold reaction mixture with sodium bicarbonate, saturate with salt, extract twice with ether, and dry the ethereal extract with anhydrous magnesium or sodium sulphate. Distil off the ether p-aminophenol, m.p. 186°, remains. The yield is 4-3 g. 

The solution will then contain the free acid and the hydrochloride of the base either of these may separate if sparingly soluble. If a sohd crystallises from the cold solution, filter, test with sodium bicarbonate solution compare Section 111,85, (i) and compare the m.p. with that of the original compound. If it is a hydrolysis product, examine it separately. Otherwise, render the filtrate alkahne with sodium hydroxide solution and extract the base with ether if the presence of the unchanged acyl canpound is suspected, extract the base with weak acid. Identify the base in the usual manner (see Section IV, 100). The acid will be present as the sodium salt in the alkaline extract and may be identified as described in Section IV,175. 

Group I. This includes the lower members of the various homologous series (4-5 atoms in a normal chain) that contain oxygen and/or nitrogen in their structures they are soluble iu water because of their low carbon content. If the compound is soluble in both water and ether, it would also be soluble in other solvents so that further solubility tests are generally unnecessary the test with sodium bicarbonate solution should, however, be performed (see Section XI,6). 

Acetyl chloride test. In a small, dry test-tube treat 0 -5 ml. of the compound with 0-3-0-4 ml. of redistUled acetyl chloride and note whether reaction occurs. Add 3 ml. of water and neutralise the aqueous layer with solid sodium bicarbonate. Look for a product different from the original alcohol. 

An indication whether a water-insoluble compound is an acid or a phenol (or enol) will be obtained from the Solubihty Tests water-soluble acids will bberate carbon dioxide from 5 per cent, sodium bicarbonate solution see Section III,85,(i). ... 

The presence of simple water-insoluble phenols (or enols) will be indicated by the insolubility in 5 per cent, sodium bicarbonate solution. Further evidence will be obtained by carrying out the following tests. 

These equations tell us that the reverse process proton transfer from acids to bicarbon ate to form carbon dioxide will be favorable when of the acid exceeds 4 3 X 10 (pK, < 6 4) Among compounds containing carbon hydrogen and oxygen only car boxylic acids are acidic enough to meet this requirement They dissolve m aqueous sodium bicarbonate with the evolution of carbon dioxide This behavior is the basis of a qualitative test for carboxylic acids... 

FIG. 26-30 Siipp ression of explosions, Pressures in an ethylene explosion and a sodium bicarbonate suppressed ethylene explosion, Tests conducted by Fike Corp, in a 1-m vessel. Ethylene concentration = 1,2 times stoichiometric concentration for combustion, (dp/dt)e = 169 bar/s (2451 psi/s), = reduced explosion pressure = 0,4 bar gauge (5,8 psig), (F/om Chatrathi, Explosion Testing, Safety and Technology News, vol. 3, issue 1, Pike Cotp., 1.98.9, hy permission. )... 

The supernatants containing the interferons were decanted from monolayers, pooled,and tested for freedom from bacteria. Residual arborvirus was inactivated by acid and heat as follows. The liquid was brought to pH 2 by the addition of 0.3N hydrochloric acid in Earle s saline (minus sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate), kept at 4°C for 24 hours, and then brought back to pH 7 by the addition of 0.3N sodium hydroxide in distilled water. The liquid was then heated at 56°C for 30 minutes. 

Care should be taken to add the sodium bicarbonate in small amounts initially in order to avoid excessive frothing. The mixture was tested with pH paper to establish that neutralization was complete. 

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