Benzyl alcohol experimental values

From this linear correlation, and entering the experimental E value determined for 4-Me0C6H4CH20H (Table 7), a BDE value of 77 1 kcalmoH could be extrapolated for the benzylic C—H bond bearing a geminal OH group. As a matter of fact, the BDEc h of benzyl alcohols was not experimentally available or reported with reasonable confidence the extrapolated value compares well with a BDEc h of 81 1 kcalmol" that could be extrapolated for PhCH20H from data of Espenson and coworkers. Because the BDEc h of toluene is 88.5 kcalmol", the extrapolated value... 

Evaluate the intrinsic viscosity for each size of spherical particle and comment on the results in terms of the Einstein prediction that [17] should be independent of particle size. Is the fact that benzyl alcohol is only a moderately good solvent for linear polystyrene consistent with the observed deviation between the experimental and theoretical values for [17] Explain. 

Nevertheless, dehydrogenation of benzyl alcohols can help to elucidate the reaction mechanism. Competitive oxidation of differently substituted benzyl alcohols produced a linear plot of log(kx/kH) versus the Brown-Okamoto o+, with a slope corresponding to a Hammett p+ value of-0.75 (Figure 13.2). The moderate negative value of p+ can be interpreted in terms of a positively charged transition state. The existence of an incipient carbenium ion intermediate in the reaction pathway can account for the experimental evidence and in particular for the faster oxidation of 3-octanol respect to 2-octanol (entry 5 in Table 13.2 vs. entry 1 in Table 13.3),... 

Figure 3 Experimental values of benzyl alcohol concentration vs. irradiation time. Home-prepared catalyst amount 0.4 g L lamp power, 125 W. The empty symbols indicate the concentration of starting solution. The solid lines represent the Langmuir photoadsorption model [Equation (19)] (Yurdakal et at, 2008b).

Figure 5 Experimental values of benzyl alcohol concentration vs. irradiation time.

Model Parent Compound Series. Experimental partition coefficient data for a variety of substituted benzenes and seven other related parent compound series (phenoxyacetic acid, phenylacetic acid, benzoic acid, benzyl alcohol, phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene) were reported in 1964 by Fujita et al. (II). The ir values (see Equation 3) derived for individual substituents in each of the above-mentioned parent compound series have since been frequently used (with varying degrees of success) by many investigators to approximate tt values for the corresponding substituents in other related parent compounds for which no experimental partitioning data are available. For example, Hansch and Deutsch (26), in a correlation study of structure—activity relationships in cholinesterase inhibitors, used tr values derived for aromatic ring substituents (X) in the phenoxyacetic acid series... 

In selecting octan-l-ol as their standard non-aqueous solvent, the Pomona school were influenced by its ease of handling, comparative freedom from anomalous results, and closeness of discriminatory power to at least some natural membranes. Typical Poctanoi values are benzene 2.13 ( 0.01), nitrobenzene 1.85, aniline, 0.90, phenol 1.46, and benzyl alcohol 1.10. A table of5806 experimentally determined partition coefficients, by many authors and from various non-aqueous phases, has been compiled (Leo, Hansch and Elkins, 1971). The use of octanol is now universal. 

Calculated k values according to eq. 8.26 and design VI (Fig. 8.4) are plotted in Fig. 8.8, against experimental values, for (i) five catecholamines (noradrenaline, adrenaline, adrenalone, dopamine, and isoprenaline) and thirteen mobile phases (0.035-0.150 M SDS and 0-15% 1-propanol), (ii) fifteen phenols (4-benzamidephenol, 4-hydroxy-benzyl alcohol, 4-hydroxyphenemethyl alcohol, 4-hydroxybenzyl cyanide, 4-hydroxyacetophenone, 4-hydro2 benzaldehyde, phenol, 4-fluorophenol, 4-... 

Figure 9.8 Log k vs. log Pow (a) and k vs. log (b) relationships predicted by eqs. 9.23 and 9.24 (solid lines), and experimental values (symbols) for a series of monosubstituted benzenes acetanilide, acetophenone, benzaldehyde, benzene, benzonitrile, benzyl alcohol, benzylamine, bromobenzene, butyrophenone, he phenone, methyl benzoate, methyl phenyl ether, nitrobenzene, propiophenone, toluene, and valerophenone. Molar concentrations of SDS in mobile phase (1,a) 0, (2, ) 0.016, (3,0) 0.05, (4,°) 0.1, and (5) 0.15. Reprinted from Ref 21 with permission of Elsevier.

Figure 12.11 Solubilities of carbamazepine and 19 different cocrystal formers in water (O), 2-propanol ( ), an equimolar mixture of acetic acid, acetone, -dioxane, DMF, DMSO, ethylene glycol, formic acid, sulfolane, and water O), an equimolar mixture of anisole, benzyl alcohol, 2-butanol, w-butyl acetate, butyronitrile, decalin, /7-dioxane, ethylene glycol, methyl isobutyl ketone, NMP, toluene, and water ( ), as well as ideal solubility values calculated from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data with the Schroder-van Laar equation (x). Part of the experimental solubility data are taken from Rager and Hilfiker (2010), see Further Reading, ref 24.

Important work on microemulsion synthesis of silica nanoparticles has been carried out by Arriagada and Osseo-Asare (1995, 1999) using different systems like NaAOT (an anionic surfactant)/decane/benzyl alcohol/ammonia solution and TEOS the w value varied in the range 2.0-9.5. As pointed out above, low w values (less than 4 in this case) caused all the water to get bound to the surfactants, and no particles were obtained. With increased water content, spherical silica particles in the size range of 10-60 nm (depending on experimental conditions) were obtained. When the selected w value was 9 or more, stable microemulsions were not obtained. In a system like cyclohexane/NP-5 (a non-ionic surfactant)/ammonia solution and TEOS, on the other hand, low values of w ( 0.05-2.0) could cause formation of particles 40-60 nm in size when w increased to 5.5, the particle size increased to 75 nm. The general trend was, thus, an increase in the particle size with increase in w when other conditions remained the same. 

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