Benzaldehyde ethylene acetal

Acetals are also readily autoxidized and crystalline acetal hydroperoxides can be isolated in the case of benzaldehyde ethylene acetal and its derivatives.335 Autoxidation of ketones leads to aldehydes and acids by way of the usually unstable ketone hydroperoxides.336,337 In the steroid series oxygen and potassium terf-butoxide in tert-butyl alcohol give 17-hydroperoxides,337 which can be degraded to the 17-keto steroids 338 in this way androstenolone is obtained from pregnenolone by way of the corresponding hydroperoxide (cf. Sucrow339) ... 

Benzaldehyde, 4-ethoxy-3-methoxy-, 56, 44 Benzaldehyde, 4-ethoxy-3-methoxy-, ethylene acetal, 56, 44 Benzaldehyde, 4-isopropyl-, 55,10 Benz[e ] anthracene, 58, 15, 16 BENZENAMINE, 4-bromo-Ar, V-dimcthyl-3-(tnfluoromethyl)-, 55, 20 Benzene, bromo-, 55,51 Benzene, 1 bromo-4-chloro-,55, 51 Benzene, 4-bromo-l, 2-dimethyl, 55, 51 Benzene, l-bromo-4-fluoro-, 55, 51 Benzene, 1 -bromo-4-methoxy-, 55,51 Benzene, l-bromo-3-methyl-, 55, 51 Benzene, 4-(cr/-buty 1-1-ethyl, 55, 10 Benzene, chemical hazard warning, 58, 168 Benzene, chloro-,56, 86 Benzene, l-ethyl-4-isopropyl-, 55, 10... 

Acetals and ketals having a second junctional group ate made by these procedures. For example, acrolein reacts with ethyl orthoformate in alcohol solution with ammonium nitrate as catalyst to give acrolein diethyl acetal (73%). On the other hand, it reacts with ethyl ortho silicate with anhydrous hydrogen chloride as catalyst to furnish (i-ethoxypropionaldehyde diethyl acetal (76%). p-Bromoacetophenone and ethyl orthoformate give the corresponding ketal in 65% yield. p-Methoxy- and m-amino-benzaldehyde diethyl acetals are made in a similar way in 96% and 85% yields, respectively. a-Keto esters like ethyl a-keto-n-butytate and ethyl a-keto-tr-valetate are converted to their diethyl ketals in excellent yields by the action of orthoformic ester in ethanol-hydrochloric acid solution. If the reaction is carried out in the presence of ethylene glycol instead of ethanol and, in addition, the volatile products are removed by distillation, then the ethylene ketal is formed in almost quantitative yield (cf. method 133). 

Tris (ethylenediamine) cadmium dihydroxide Zinc chloride solvent, cellulose acetate Acetylacetone Benzaldehyde Benzyl acetate Butyl formate Cyclohexanone Cyclopentane Diacetone alcohol Diethyl phthalate Ethylbenzene Ethylene glycol acetate... 

Benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal Cumene hydroperoxide 3,5-Dimethoxytoluene Ethoxy-p-cresol Ethylene glycol benzyl ether 4-Ethylguaiacol Methylphenoxyethanol Phenoxyisopropanol Propylene glycol phenyl ether C9H12O3... 

The redox reactions of metallo phthalocyanine electrodes cause a selective and efficient catalysis for many photochemical and electrochemical reactions at moderate potentials [3,57,70,161,171,172]. The electrons are transported by electronically conductive polymers and also by electron exchange reaction in the oxidizable or reducible groups present in the incorporated polymer. Phthalocyanine and their derivatives have been studied for the catalytic behaviour in the oxidation of acetaldehyde ethylene acetate, iodide and other aldehydes such as benzaldehyde and acrolein [3,57,70,120,231-235]. In the latter cases pyridine was used as an activator. The oxidation reactions are found to follow through a peroxy intermediate. The effectiveness of the catalyst for the reaction depends on the purity, uniformity, stability and turnover number of the phthalocyanine polymer. Oxidative polymerization of phenols to polyoxyphenylenes and thiols to sulphides has also been reported [57,70,120,236-238]. 

Benzylidene acetals can be formed under essentially neutral conditions using the bis-sulphonium ion (62) obtained by methylation of benzaldehyde ethylene dithioacetal with methyl fluorosulphonate (Magic Methyl ). Thus, methyl -d-glucopyranoside afforded a 4,6-0-benzylidene derivative (25%) when treated with (62) in pyridine. In the absence of an acid catalyst, it is unlikely that the thermodynamically favoured acetal would be obtained in high yield. 

J. Gong, etc. Synthesis of benzaldehyde ethylene glycol acetal from benzaldehyde and ethylene glycol under microwave irradiation 88.3 [215]... 

Gong, J. Wang, Y. Qian, H. Synthesis of Benzaldehyde Ethylene Glycol Acetal under Microwave Irradiation Catalyzed by Rare-earth Solid Super Acid S04 /Ti02/La. Fine Chem. (Chin.) 2004, 21(12), 920-922. 

Sodium peroxide Glacial acetic acid, acetic anhydride, aniline, benzene, benzaldehyde, carbon di-sulflde, diethyl ether, ethanol or methanol, ethylene glycol, ethyl acetate, furfural, glycerol, metals, methyl acetate, organic matter... 

Ammonium nitrate and other ammonium salts Any oxidizable substance, such as ethanol, methanol, glacial acetic acid, acetic anhydride, benzaldehyde, carbon disulphide, glycerol, ethylene glycol, ethyl acetate, methyl acetate or furfural Chlorates, perchlorates, permanganates... 

A powerful oxidizer. Explosive reaction with acetaldehyde, acetic acid + heat, acetic anhydride + heat, benzaldehyde, benzene, benzylthylaniUne, butyraldehyde, 1,3-dimethylhexahydropyrimidone, diethyl ether, ethylacetate, isopropylacetate, methyl dioxane, pelargonic acid, pentyl acetate, phosphoms + heat, propionaldehyde, and other organic materials or solvents. Forms a friction- and heat-sensitive explosive mixture with potassium hexacyanoferrate. Ignites on contact with alcohols, acetic anhydride + tetrahydronaphthalene, acetone, butanol, chromium(II) sulfide, cyclohexanol, dimethyl formamide, ethanol, ethylene glycol, methanol, 2-propanol, pyridine. Violent reaction with acetic anhydride + 3-methylphenol (above 75°C), acetylene, bromine pentafluoride, glycerol, hexamethylphosphoramide, peroxyformic acid, selenium, sodium amide. Incandescent reaction with alkali metals (e.g., sodium, potassium), ammonia, arsenic, butyric acid (above 100°C), chlorine trifluoride, hydrogen sulfide + heat, sodium + heat, and sulfur. Incompatible with N,N-dimethylformamide. 

Instead of acetates also free aldehydes may be oxidized The oxidation of acrolein is carried out at 313 K in benzene For polyCu- and polyFePc, pyridine is needed to activate the oxidation. From benzaldehyde and others a mixture of benzoic acid and peroxybenzoic acid is produced with Cu- and FePc derivatives (95) (prepared from TCB and metal dilorides in ethylene glycol) (Eq.45) The reactions were carried out in various solvents at %3 K. 

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