Beets Beta vulgaris

Betalaines. In 1968, the term betalaines was used to describe collectively two groups of plant pigments the red betacyanins and the yellow betaxanthins. The red and yellow dyes found in beets. Beta vulgaris, fall into this category. An interesting history has been written about these dyes (133). 

Stintzing, F.C., Schieber, A., and Carle, R., Identification of betalains from yellow beet (Beta vulgaris L.) and cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.) by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, J. Agric. Food Chem., 50, 2302, 2002. 

Im, J.S., Parkin, K.L., and Von Elbe, J.H., Endogenous polyphenoloxidase activity associated with the black ring defect in canned beet (Beta vulgaris L.) root slices, J. Food ScL, 55, 1042, 1059, 1990. 

Herbach, K.M., Stintzing, E.C., and Carle, R., Impact of thermal treatment on color and pigment pattern of red beet Beta vulgaris L.) preparations, J. Food ScL, 69, C491, 2004. 

Jrratan, T. and Liu, R.H., Antioxidant activity of processed table beets Beta vulgaris var. conditiva) and green beans Phaseolus vulgaris L.), J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 2659, 2004. 

Girod, R-A. and Zryd, J.-R, Secondary metabolism in cultured red beet Beta vulgaris L.) cells Differential regulation of betaxanthin and betacyanin biosynthesis. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult., 25, 1, 1991. 

Structural features of pectic polysaccharides of red beet Beta vulgaris conditiva)... 

L. BeiBner and W. Romer, Improving the availability of phytate-phosphorus to sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) by phytase application to soil, 9th International Kollo-c/uiuin for the Optimization of Plant Nutrition, Prague, Czech Republic, 1996. p. 327. 

M. Greger and S. Lindberg, Effects of Cd and EDTA on young sugar beets (Beta vulgaris). 1. Cd uptake and sugar accumulation. Physiol. Plant 66 69 (1986). 

A. K. Lilley, J. C. Fry, M. J. Bailey, and M. J. Day, Comparison of aerobic hetero-trophic taxa isolated from four root domains of mature sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 2/ 231-242 (1996). 

Management practice Sugar beet Beta vulgaris), wheat 92... 

Prickly slda root exudate reduced radish (Raphanus satlvus L. Champion ) and tomato (Lycoperslcon esculentum Miller Homestead 24 ) root growth. Root exudates of soybean, johnsongrass, cogongrass and prickly slda reduced 24 hour beet (Beta vulgaris L. 

Nielsen KK, Nielsen JE, Madrid S, Mikkelsen JD. New antifungal proteins from sugar beet Beta vulgaris L.) showing homology to non-specific lipid transfer proteins. Plant Mol Biol 1996 31 539-552. 

Walker RR, Leigh RA. Mg2+-dependent, cation-stimulated inorganic pyrophosphatase associated with vacuoles isolated from storage roots of red beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Planta 1981 133 150-155. 

The betalains are confined to ten families of the order Caryophyllales20 The only foods containing betalains are red beet (Beta vulgaris), chard (B. vulgaris), cactus fruit (Opuntia ficus-indica) and pokeberries (Phytolacca americana). They also occur in the poisonous mushroom Amanita muscaria but this is not a normal food source. The importance of the betalains as colorants is confined to preparations from red beet. 

Chard, Swiss chard, seakale beet Beta vulgaris Cicia Group) ruby chard shown near right)... 

Saccharum qfficinarum L., Gramineae and sugar beet, Beta vulgaris L., Chenopodiaceae, Ang./sweetening agent... 

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