Bears Polar, Ursus maritimus

In mammals, cadmium inhibits copper absorption across the intestinal mucosa (Aaseth and Norseth 1986). Intercorrelations of copper with cadmium and zinc in livers of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are probably mediated by metallothioneins, which may contain all three metals (Braune etal. 1991). In rats, copper protects against nephrotoxicity induced by cadmium, provided that copper is administered 24 h prior to cadmium insult. Specifically, rats given 12.5 mg Cu/kg BW by way of subcutaneous injection 24 h before receiving 0.4 mg Cd/kg BW — when compared to a group receiving Cd alone — did not have excessive calcium in urine and renal cortex or excessive protein in urine. Thus, 2.8 mg Cu/kg BW protects against 0.25 mg Cd/kg BW (Liu et al. 1992). 

Norheim, G., J.U. Skaare, and O. Wiig. 1992. Some heavy metals, essential elements, and chlorinated hydrocarbons in polar bear (Ursus maritimus) at Svalbard. Environ. Pollut. 77 51-57. 

Polar bear, Ursus maritimus Alaska 1972 total mercury young vs. adults Northern area ... 

Bom, E.W., A. Renzoni, and R. Dietz. 1991. Total mercury in hair of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Greenland and Svalbard. Polar Res. 9 113-120. 

Polar bear, Ursus maritimus-, Northwest Territories, Canada, 1984 liver California sea lion, Zalophus californianus-, recent mothers 0.21-0.54 DW 50... 

Polar bear, Ursus maritimus adipose tissue adults known range 1989-93 total chlordanes 1952 (727-4632) LW 110... 

Total PCBs in adipose tissue of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) throughout their known range, and collected between 1989 and 1993, are as high as 24.3 mg/kg on a lipid weight basis and are dominated by PCBs 153 (46% of total PCBs), 180 (18.5%), 170/190 (8.6%), and 99 (8.3%)... 

Zhu, J. and RJ. Norstrom. 1993. Identification of polychlorocamphenes (PCCs) in the polar bear (Ursus maritimus) food chain. Chemosphere 27 1923-1936. 

Bemhoft, A. et al., Possible immunotoxic effects of organochlorines in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) at Svalbard, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, 59, 561, 2000. 

Polar bear, Ursus maritimus Kidney Liver... 

Pohschuk, S.C., R.J. Letcher, R.J. Norstrom, and M.A. Ramsay. 1995. Preliminary results of fasting on the kinetics of organochlorines in polar bears (Ursus maritimus). Sci. Total Environ. 160/161 465-472. 

CDDs were determined in pooled samples of ringed seal (Phoca hispida) blubber, beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) blubber, and polar bear (Ursus maritimus) liver and fat collected from several areas throughout the Canadian north (Norstrom et al. 1990). All seal samples and all but one polar bear sample had detectable levels of 2,3,7,8-TCDD (wet weight) ranging from 2 to 37 ppt, but 2,3,7,8-TCDD... 

De Silva, A. O., Mabury, S. A. Isolating isomers of perfluorocarboxylates in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from two geographical locations. Environ. Sci. TechnoL, 38 6538-6545 (2004). 

Smithwick, M., Muir, D. C. G., Mabury, S. A., Solomon, K., Martin, J. W., Sonne, C., et al. Perfluoroalkyl contaminants in liver tissue from East Greenland polar bears (Ursus maritimus). Environ. Tox. Chem., 24 981-986 (2005). 

The few field investigations on the toxicokinetics of chiral OC pesticides in terrestrial mammals have shown that the species extensively studied - polar bears (Ursus maritimus), Arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus), and wolverines Gulo gulo) - possess a relatively high capacity to degrade these POPs. 

Klobes, U. Vetter, W. Glotz, D. Luckas, B. Skirnisson, K. Hersteinsson, P, Levels and enantiomeric ratios of chlorinated hydrocarbons in livers of Arctic fox (Alopex lagopus) and adipose tissue and liver of a polar bear (Ursus maritimus) sampled in Iceland Intern. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 1998, 69, 67-81. 

Letcher RJ, Norstrom RJ, Bergman A. 1995. Geographical distribution and identification of methylsulphone PCB and DDE metabolites in pooled polar bear ursus maritimus) adipose tissue from western hemisphere Arctic and Subarctic regions. Sci Total Environ 160 409-420. 

Boreogadus saida), ringed seal (Phoca hispida), and polar bear (Ursus maritimus) (Muir et al. 1988)—and biomagnification factors (BMFs) were calculated. The existence of biomagnification was demonstrated, and a number of other important facts emerged ... 

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