Basic Oil

The presence of alkaloids in Lobelia injlata, Linn., was first recorded by Proctor. Lobeline was prepared by Lewis as a basic oil from which Siebert made and analysed a series of salts and proposed the formula, CigHjsOjN. In 1921 Bohringer and Sohne protected a process for the isolation and separation of three alkaloids, a-, 3 and y-lobelines. In the same year Wieland published the first of a series of papers in which is described the isolation of several groups of alkaloids, to most of which constitutional formulae have been assigned and, in some cases, confirmed... 

There are two basic oil well cementing activities primary cementing and secondary cementing. 

It is not possible to make lubricants directly from crude oil that will meet all these demands. Instead, the refinery produces a few basic oils and these are then blended in varying proportions, together with additives when necessary, to produce oil with the particular characteristics... 

The concentration of UDP also affects the friction coefficient as shown in Fig. 39. It is discovered that the friction coefficient of pure PEG also decreases gradually and reaches a somewhat reduced value due to a time effect of the film thickness [16,18]. At the speed of 2 mm/s and pressure of 174 GPa, the friction coefficient of pure PEG is the highest. That for PEG + 0.5 % UDP ranks second. Those for PEG + 0.1 % UDP and PEG+ 0.3 %UDP are almost the same and have the lowest friction coefficient among all tested oils. Therefore, there is a good concentration extent of UDP in the basic oil. If the concentration is out of such extent, the effect... 

Another Hydrogenation with Platinum Oxide. JACS, 55, 2694. This method is used to reduce those hydrox-mandelonitriles in the amphetamine section. It uses low pressure and can be used on about any reducible compound. It can also use palladium oxide as the catalyst. A solution of 35.8 g of phenyl-2-propanol in 250 ml of 80% ethanol containing 7.3 g of HCl is hydrogenated for 3 hours in a Parr hydrogenation bottle at 3,5kg/cm or 50 p.s.i, over 0,5 g of platinum oxide (or palladium oxide Raney nickel may also work) or an equimolar ratio of analog catalyst for about 3 hours. Filter off the catalyst and rinse with a little water to wash all the product from the catalyst. Dilute the filtrate to 1 liter of volume with water and extract twice with ether to remove any acid insoluble material. The ether extracts do not contain product. The aqueous layer is made alkaline with solid NaHCOs to a pH of 8-9 and the basic oil which separates is extracted with two 300 ml portions of ether. This ether solution is dried over MgS04, and filtered, then evaporated to remove the ether. To convert to the oxalate, add ether to the crude product and add to a solution of 9.6 g of oxalic acid dihydrate in a small volume of methanol. Give ample... 

Water-removable bases are basically oil-in-water emulsions. Unlike hydrocarbon and absorption bases, a large proportion of aqueous phase can be incorporated into water-removable bases with the aid of suitable emulsifying agents. It is easy to remove these bases from the skin due to their hydrophilic nature. Hydrophilic ointment USP is an example of a water-removable ointment base. 

As noted, coating systems were advanced from oil-only vehicles to oleoresinous varnishes for improved performances. These are basically oils that have been... 

The feebly basic oil that we now call aniline (1) was perhaps first handled, though not identified, during the 18th century by the French chemists and dye experts Jean Hellot... 

In 1999, the company produced 75.6 million tonnes of oil and 4.7 billion cubic metres of gas. A large proportion of the oil is extracted by its basic oil-producing subsidiary, OOO LUKOIL-Western Siberia, which includes ... 

SeliirlB O. [Grfinau] Trioleate basic oil for rdease agents, bread cutting... 

The parent isoxazolidine (1) itself is a strongly basic oil,9 b.p. 70°-80°/50 mmHg,169 with pKt 5.05.170 Substituted isoxazolidines are slightly weaker bases than 1. pAT, values (5.83-5.90) of some fused isoxazolidines similar to bicyclic nitrones 37, 38, and 39 are reported.138,140... 

In 1883 Curtius first prepared glycine ester by decomposing glycine ester hydrochloride with silver oxide. It was a colourless, strongly basic oil, very unstable, and only capable of preservation in dry ether. If it were allowed to stand in the air, it underwent decomposition and was converted into an insoluble anhydride,... 

Trichocereine is a colorless basic oil it distils in vacuo without decomposition and is soluble in water, alcohol, ether, and chloroform. The salts crystallize well hydrochloride (from alcohol), m.p. 205 picrate (from acetone), yellow needles, m.p. 171-172 picrolonate (from alcohol-acetone), yellow prisms, m.p. 166°. If the melted salt is heated again, it melts at 175 . The platinichloride crystallizes from water and melts at 184-185° aurichloride, m.p. 136-139 (with decomp.) methio-dide, m.p. 226-228° picrate of the quaternary iV-methyl trichocereine (from water), m.p. 165°. 

In order to decrease friction, high pressures, and temperatures during machining processes, it is necessary to create separation films (consisting of coolant and specific additives) between the solid surfaces of the tool and workpiece. Oil-based coolants normally consist of 80-95 % basic oil and can be divided into four groups ... 

Water-based emulsion concentrates contain 20-70 % basic oil (mostly mineral oU). For metal grinding operations, oU-in-water emulsions are common the amount of oil determines the lubrication ability of the emulsion. Conunon oil concentrations in emulsions for grinding operations are between 2 % and 15 %. Water-based coolants contain up to 20 compraients in which each of the components can themselves be multicomponent mixtures. 

American Petroleum Institute (API), and are used as de facto standards all over the world. However, formal ISO international standards for oil well cementing are currently under development (Bensted, 1995). API Specification lOA, Specifications for Well Cements, divides oil well cements into several classes. Of these, classes G and H are the basic oil well cements, used most widely. Classes D, E, and F include retarded oil well cements, and Class C is a rapid-hardening cement. Class J includes special cements developed for high-temperature well cementing. 

Bensted, J. (1992a) Oil well cement standards an update. World Cement 23,38-44. Bensted, J. (1992b) Class G and H basic oil well cements. World Cement 23,44-50. 

Basic oils, special oils, or macerated oils... 

---