Bacteria denitrifiers

Microbial redox processes. Different metabolic types of bacteria (denitrifiers, manganese reducers, iron reducers, sulfate reducers, and methanogens) occur at landfill sites. Some of these metabolic types (sulfate reducers and methanogens) can be separated into physiological... 

Heme d,6 another isobacteriochlorin, occurs as one of two cofactors in the reductase cytochrome cdj which mediates the nitrite reduction to nitrogen monoxide (NO) and from there to dinitrogen oxide (N20) in denitrifying bacteria.7... 

Assimilatory denitrifiers reduce nitrate to the amino acid level where it is incorporated into protein. Many plants and bacteria can do this and, therefore, use nitrate as a nitrogen source. 

It has been shown that pure cultures of bacteria under anaerobic denitrifying conditions may produce benzylsuccinate as a metabolite of toluene (Evans et al. 1992 Migaud et al. 1996 Beller et al. 1996). Demonstration of this and the corresponding methylbenzyl succinates from xylenes has been used to demonstrate metabolism of toluene and xylene in an anaerobic aquifer (Beller et al. 1995, 2002). 

Gallus C, B Schink (1994) Anaerobic degradation of pimelate by newly isolated denitrifying bacteria. Microbiology (UK) 140 409-416. 

Kniemeyer O, C Probian, R Rossello-Mora, J Harder (1999) Anaerobic mineralization of quaternary carbon atoms isolation of denitrifying bacteria on dimethylmalonate. Appl Environ Microbiol 65 3319-3324. 

The pathways for the degradation of toluene and xylene under denitrifying and sulfate-reducing conditions have been studied most extensively, and they take place by reactions quite different from those used by aerobic bacteria. As an example, two anaerobes affiliated with known sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from enrichments with crude oil were able to grow at the expense of a number of alkylated benzenes—strain oXySl with toluene, o-xylene, and o-ethyltoluene and strain mXySl with toluene, m-xylene, and m-ethyltoluene (Harms et al. 1999). 

Rabus R, J Heider (1998) Initial reactions of anaerobic metabolism of alkylbenzenes in denitrifying and sulfate-reducing bacteria. Arch Microbiol 170 377-384. 

Rudolph A, A Tschech, G Euchs G (1991) Anaerobic degradation of cresols by denitrifying bacteria. Arch Microbiol 155 238-248. 

Song B, NJ Palleroni, MM Haggblom (2000) Isolation and characterization of diverse halobenzoate-degrad-ing denitrifying bacteria from soils and sediments. Appl Environ Microbiol 66 3446-3453. 

The metabolism of phenols under anaerobic conditions has been examined under denitrifying, sulfate-reducing, Fe (lll)-reducing, and anaerobic nonmethanogenic conditions. It is plausible to suggest a common pathway that has been elucidated for denitrifying bacteria. This comprises (a) activation of phenol by the formation of phenylphosphate, (b) carboxylation at a position para to... 

Schennen U, K Braun, H-J Knackmuss (1985) Anaerobic degradation of 2-fluorobenzoate by benzoatedegrading, denitrifying bacteria. J Bacterial 161 321-325. 

Seyfried B, G Glod, R Schocher, A Tschech, J Zeyer (1994) Initial reactions in the anaerobic oxidation of toluene and m-xylene by denitrifying bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 60 4047-4052. 

Hess A, B Zarda, D Hahn, A Haner, D Stax, P Hohener, J Zeyer (1997) In situ analysis of denitrifying toluene-and m-xylene-degrading bacteria in a diesel fuel-contaminated laboratory aquifer column. Appl Environ Microbiol 63 2136-2141. 

Rabus R, F Widdel (1996) Utilization of alkylbenzenes during anaerobic growth of pure cultures of denitrifying bacteria on crude oil. Appl Environ Microbiol 62 1238-1241. 

Slreploinyces species Chitin or cellulose utilization Denitrifying or nitrate-reducing bacteria... 

Elkan and Horvath170 performed a microbiological analysis of samples taken from the north and south deep monitoring wells in December 1974, about 6 months after the dilute waste front had reached the south well. Both denitrifying and methanogenic bacteria were observed. The lower numbers and species diversity of organisms observed in the south monitoring well compared with those in the north well indicated suppression of microbial activity by the dilute wastes. 

Bae H-S, ImW-T, Suwa Y, Lee JM, Lee S-T, Chang Y-K (2009) Characterization of diverse heterocyclic amine-degrading denitrifying bacteria from various environments. Arch Microbiol 191 329-340... 

Sublette [285] describes a process for desulfurizing sour natural gas using another commonly known chemolithotrophic microorganism, the aerobic bacterium T. denitrifi-cans. This patent describes a process wherein bacteria of the Thiobacillus genus convert sulfides to sulfates under aerobic conditions. Sublette defined the ideal characteristics of a suitable microorganism for the oxidative H2S removal from gaseous streams as ... 

The anthranilate intermediate is believed to be metabolized to denitrogenated products. The list of proposed metabolites is also included in Fig. 25. A consortium of anaerobic and denitrifying bacteria was found to degrade indole via oxindole [341], but further details were not given to ensure if pathway 1 was followed. 

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