Baby products

Jptt Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 60 233,042 (Nov. 19, 1985), (to Johnson and Johnson Baby Products Co.). 

Nokia, the world s largest manufacturer of mobile phones, has committed to phasing out brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and PVC plastic. Chicco, a manufacturer of toys and baby products, will eliminate the use of PVC within threeyears small amounts of this plastic are still used in components, accessories and packaging. 

Often the message is also culture dependent. The sweet powdery floral scent of Johnson Johnson s baby powder conveys the protected safety of infancy to Americans, while it may well convey mature femininity in countries with a different scent tradition in baby products. Lavender in colognes is quite acceptable in Latin countries but considered old-fashioned in Germany. 

Fang, M. Investigating a novel flame retardants known as V6 measurements in baby products, house dust, and car dust. Environ. Sci. Technol. 47, 4449 (2013)... 

Major polymer applications hot-melt coatings, hot-melt adhesives, wall covering adhesives, paints, tubing, sporting goods, footwear, baby products, controlled release devices, wire and cable (semiconductor shields, automotive wire, automotive ignition, low-smoke cable), asphalt modification, slow burning candles, cap liners... 

Formaldehyde, specifically formalin, is perhaps the single-most effective preservative for shampoos and conditioners however, because of its sensitization reputation, which actually occurs well above levels used in consumer products, it is not used in most countries. Sensitization by formaldehyde is not a problem if used at 0.1% or lower concentration in personal care products, and in many cases it is used at 0.2% in household products. Most companies avoid the use of formaldehyde in baby products. 

Alkyl isethionates such as sodium cocoyl isethionate are used mainly in creams, toilet bars, shower gels, bath foams, and baby products. These derivatives are obtained from sodium 2-hydroxyethane-sulfonate, which can react either by esterification with fatty acids or condensation with fatty acid chlorides as follows ... 

Uses compound used as fungicide and bactericide for wood and paint preservation and in cooling fluids permitted and used as a cosmetics preservative in products such as shampoos, lotions, creams, powders and baby products... 

Sodium laureth sulfates are used in shampoos and bath products. These products are excellent foamers regardless of water hardness. Sodium laureth sulfate has low skin irritation properties making it suitable for mild cleansing, as well as baby products. 

In R. V. Liverpool City Council ex parte Baby Products Association following investigations into the safety of bab)walkers, Liverpool City Council... 

Betaines Excellent foam boosting and low skin/eye irritancy noted for ability to reduce irritant potential of anionic surfactants compatible with cationic surfactants Facial cleansers, baby products, shampoos... 

Alkyl glycosides Moderate foaming and extremely mild excellent biodegradability Facial cleansers, tear-free baby products... 

Despite restrictions, large amounts of foam furniture, baby products, carpets, plastics, and insulation containing BERs are still sources of exposure in homes and buildings, and must be disposed of after their lifetimes, creating outdoor reservoirs (e.g., landfills, wastewater treatment plants, e-waste recycling facilities, or stockpiles of hazardous wastes) for the future dispersal of PBDEs to the environment (Shaw and Kannan 2009). 

Children s Products and Clothing Children s exposure to BFRs is a particular concern due to their frequent hand-to-mouth behavior and contact with dust on floors and surface materials in homes. Exposure to chemicals in baby products is of even greater concern for infants, who are in intimate daily contact with these products at vulnerable stages of their development. Children s foam-containing products such as car seats, mattresses, pillows, and changing pads are sources of PentaBDEs, while children s clothing may be treated with DecaBDE (Table 3.2). Hard and soft plastic toys are sources of aU PBDE commercial mixtures (Penta-, Octa- and DecaBDEs). 

Stapleton et al. (2011) measured FRs in PUF from 101 commonly used baby products purchased in the U.S. More than 80 % of the products contained a hal-ogenated flame retardant additive. Five samples contained PentaBDE congeners. 

Reprinted (adapted) with permission from Heather M. Stapleton, Susan Klosterhaus, Alex Keller, P. Lee Ferguson, Saskia van Bergn, Ellen Cooper, ThrMuas F. Webster and Arlene Blum (2011) Identification of flame retardants in polyurethane foam collected from baby products. Environmental Science and Technology 45 5323-5331. C>>i right 2011 American diemical Society... 

With the 2005 phase-out of PBDEs, many other brominated, chlorinated, and organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) have been introduced as replacement FRs (USEPA 2005). Little is known about the composition, uses, human exposure levels and health effects of these chemicals now in everyday use. Of special concern are the replacement chemicals for PentaBDE, particularly tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP or chlorinated Tris) and Firemaster 550 (FM 550) which contains two brominated components and some additional organophosphate OPFRs (Stapleton et al. 2011, 2012). TDCPP and FM 550 components were the most common FRs detected in PUF foam in U.S. couches purchased after 2005 and baby products such as changing pads and nursing pillows, suggesting that TDCPP and FM 550 are among the highest-volume FRs in households today. 

Stapleton HM, Klosterhaus S, Eagle S et al (2009) Detection of organophosphate flame retardants in furniture foam and U.S. house dust Environ Sci Technol 43 7490-7495 Stapleton HM, Klosterhaus S, Keller A et al (2011) Identification of flame retardants in polyurethane foam collected from baby products. Environ Sci Technol 45 5323-5331 Stapleton HM, Sharma S, Getzinger G et al (2012) Novel and high volume use flame retardants in US couches reflective of the 2005 PentaBDE phase out. Environ Sci Technol 46 13432-13439... 

Bubble baths, hand soaps, hair conditioners, cleansing creams lotions, shampoos, shower gels, baby products, cream rinses, pet shampoos... 

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