Automobile catalysts

Automobile Automobilebumpers Automobile catalysts Automobile emissions Automobile finishes Automobile gasolines Automobiles... 

Miscellaneous. Chloroplatinic acid is used in the production of automobile catalysts. Platino-type prints based on reduction of Pt(II) to Pt(0) by a photosensitive reducing agent such as iron(III) oxalate are used in art photography (261,262). Infrared imaging devices based on a platinum siLicide detector have been developed (263). 

Catalytic Support Body Monolithic Honeycomb Unit. The terms substrate and brick are also used to describe the high geometric surface area material upon which the active coating material is placed. Monolithic honeycomb catalytic support material comes in both ceramic and metallic form. Both are used in automobile catalysts and each possesses unique properties. A common property is a high geometric surface area which is inert and does not react with the catalytic layer. 

Catalyst Durability. Automobile catalysts last for the life of the vehicle and still function well at the time the vehicle is scrapped. However, there is potential for decline in total catalytic performance from exposure to very high temperatures, accumulation of catalyst poisons, or loss of the active layer (29,64—68). 

The main uses of palladium [13] are in the electronics and electrical industries, in circuitry and in dental alloys. It finds many catalytic applications in industry, as well as in diffusion cells for the synthesis of hydrogen, and in automobile catalysts. Jewellery and three way auto-catalysts are the principal uses of platinum, which fulfils a wide range of roles in the chemical industry. 

The photocatalytic reactivity for TCE decomposition was increased by platinization and the photocatalytic activity of the catalysts prepared with leached solution fi-om wasted automobile catalyst was similar to that of the catalysts modified with H2PtCl6. 

Becker DA (1995) Resolution of discrepant analytical data in the certification of platinum in two automobile catalyst SRMs. Fresenius J Anal Chem 352 224-226. 

The development of new technology for extraction and recycling of palladium has been stimulated by its increasing use in automobile catalysts, which now consume ca. 55% of world production. A range of options for extraction from acidic media and for separation from other PGMs is possible because Pd11 is relatively substitution-labile. This allows cationic exchange, e.g.,... 

The most important metalliferous liquid effluents where solvent extraction could be applied are from the various metal finishing operations plating, pickling, etching, and the wash waters arising from the cleaning of work pieces. In the case of solids, in addition to scrap metal and alloy wastes from manufacturing operations, a number of other products use valuable and toxic metals and offer potential applications, e.g., spent automobile catalysts, Ni/Cd batteries, etc. 

Heck, R. M. and Farrauto, R. J. The automobile catalyst Its present and future family tree, CALTECH, 1997, Volume 1, Issue 2, 117-124. 

Shinichi Matsumoto and Hirofumi Shinjoh, Dynamic Behavior and Characterization of Automobile Catalysts... 

In fact, most of us benefit from the use of catalysis. Automotive catalytic converters have represented the most massive application of environmental catalysis and one of the most challenging and successful cases in catalysis, generally. Automobile catalysts deseive a few more comments. The engine exhaust emission is a complex mixture, whose composition and flow rate change continuously depending on a variety of factors such as driving conditions, acceleration, and speed. Despite the variability of the conditions, three-way catalysts have achieved the reduction of exhaust carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and... 

The demand for occupying less space, operation at high volumetric feed, and low loss of power led to the adoption of monoliths for the automobile catalyst. A monolith... 

This chapter reviews the recent progress of research on the dynamic behavior and characterization of automobile catalysts mainly done in our laboratory. Basically, automobile catalysts are used under the non-steady condition in which a gas concentration, a gas flow rate and a temperature fluctuate with a car-driving mode. Therefore, it is very important for developing automobile catalysts to clarify the mechanism of their dynamic behavior and characterize the structure and state of materials under dynamic conditions. Four topics on the dynamic phenomena for TWC and NSR catalysts were described in this chapter. 

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