Equalizer, audio

Dan Shanefield, "Audio Equalizers," Stereo Review, May 1976, p. 64. Also, May 1996, p. 112. Dan Shanefield, "The Great Ego Crunchers Equalized Double-Blind Tests," High Fidelity, March 1980, p. 57 (available in most public libraries on microfilm). 2b p Lipshitz, et al., Jml. of Audio Engineering Society, Vol. 29 (1981) p. 482, particularly ref 27 (in university hbraries). Susan Blackmore, "The Meme Machine" (see N. Y. Times Book Review, April 25, 1999, p. 12). 

The additive and multiplicative patchwork schemes can be combined appropriately in order to increase robustness and reduce perceptibility. The patchwork scheme can be applied to both audio and image. It can be applied in the DCT domain or in the DWT domain or in whatever domain. Transformation is more useful than embedding in the time-domain in terms of psychoacoustic analysis and high probability to have almost equal sample means for both subsets... 

Figure 1.1 Overview of the basic philosophy used in the development of perceptual audio quality measurement techniques. A computer model of the subject is used to compare the output of the device under test (e.g. a speech codec or a music codec) with the ideal, using any audio signal. If the device under test must be transparent then the ideal is equal to the input.

MDCT or similar schemes are used in several audio coding systems [Brandenburg, 1988, Mahieux et al., 1990, Brandenburg et al., 1991] [Davidson et al., 1990, Iwadare et al., 1992] because they combine critical sampling with the good frequency resolution provided by a sine window and the computational efficiency of a fast FFT-like algorithm. Typically, 128 to 2048 equally spaced bands are used. 

Polyphase filter banks. Polyphase filter banks as used in audio coding have been introduced in [Rothweiler, 1983], These are equally spaced filter banks which combine the filter design flexibility of generalized QMF banks with low computational complexity. Most current designs are based on the work in [Rothweiler, 1983],... 

The frequency domain representation of the data is calculated via an FFT after applying a Hann window with a window length of 1024 samples. The calculation is done with a shift length equal to the block structure of the coding system. As described below, the shift length is 576 samples for Layer 3 of the ISO/MPEG-Audio system. 

We note that s and v are the responses of the playback system, including mechanical components and amplification/ equalization circuitry, to the recorded audio and noise signals, respectively. The assumption of a linear system allows the overall response x to be written as the linear superposition of individual responses to signal and noise components. 

Any peak outside the spectral window will be aliased ( folded ) into the spectral window at a position the same distance from the edge of the window. Aliased peaks are usually reduced in intensity (by the audio filter) and impossible to correctly phase increasing the spectral width will eliminate them and reveal the peak in its correct position. The manner of aliasing depends on the type of acquisition. With the Bruker-type acquisition (alternating acquisition of real and imaginary data samples), aliased peaks appear reflected at equal... 

The audio input line of the 64 and 128 allows you to mix sound from external sources with the sounds created by the SID chip in the computer. However, this line runs directly to the audio input pin on the SID chip, so you must be careful to feed in only low-level (unamplified) sound sources. There s no way to process the incoming sound, but it can be mixed with the sound of the SID chip, and the SID chip s filters can be used as a programmable equalizer for the sound coming in. 

Specific gravity—The weight of a material compared to the weight of an equal volume of water. Spectrum— A range of freqnencies within which radiation has some specified characteristic, such as audio-frequency spectrum, ultraviolet spectrum, and radio spectrum. 

A line stretcher makes a transmission line look longer or shorter in order to produce sideband impedance symmetry at the transmitter PA (see Fig. 13.42). This is done to reduce audio distortion in an envelope detector, the kind of detector that most AM receivers employ. Symmetry is defined as equal sideband resistances, and equal—but opposite sign—sideband reactances. 

Audio processing equipment such as equalizers, limiters, compressors, and digital effects synthesizers and processors... 

Figure 16.45 shows the audio, video, and RF paths for a typical television transmitter. Referring to Fig. 16.45, video is first input to a video processing amplifier and equalizer unit within the video processing block. The processing amplifier performs the following operations (1) video input amplifications,... 

Peak-equivalent sine A method of specifying signal amphtude in an audio system, equal to the RMS level of a sine wave having the same peak-to-peak amphtude as the signal under consideration. 

What is the heat gained/released at constant pressure equal to (q = ) What is the heat gained/released at constant volume equal to (qv = ) Explain why AH is obtained directly from a coffee-cup calorimeter, whereas AE is obtained directly from a bomb calorimeter. High-quality audio amplifiers generate large amounts of heat. To dissipate the heat and prevent damage to the elecfronic components, heat-radiating metal fins are used. Would it be better to make these fins out of iron or aluminum Why (See Table 6.1 for specific heat capacities.)... 

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