Length equalities

A simple illustrative example of reciprocal space is that of a 2D square lattice where the vectors a and b are orthogonal and of length equal to the lattice spacing, a. Here a and b are directed along the same directions as a and b respectively and have a length 1/a... 

For a line spark source, the flame volume is initially cylindrical with the cylinder length equal to the separation distance between the electrodes. Thus, for a cylindrical flame, = e, and the critical ignition volumes are equation 7 for a spherical flame and equation 8 for a cylindrical flame where = critical ignition volume, m /kg e = thickness of flame front, m and d = flame height, m. 

Micrometer a unit of length equal to one millionth of a meter the unit of measure for particle size. 

The exhaust flow rate influences the flow of the jets and some reports recommend a ratio of supply airflow rate to exhaust airflow rate of approximately 0.3. A ratio of 0.2 is unsteady and ratios larger than 0.4 have not been studied. In the cases that have been studied, the exhaust opening was 80 mm in diameter, the distance between the horizontal planes was 750 mm, the tubes were placed in a square w ith side length equal to 670 mm, and the inward angles of the jets were 10 degrees. This configuration resulted in better capture of hot gases than use of an exhaust system alone. 

The flame arrester tested must be able to withstand seqnendally (a) five deflagrations with an ondet pipe length equal to 10 pipe diameters, (b) five deflagrations with a restriction in die ondet pipe... 

Select single cross-flow tray, segmental downcomers, and straight weirs, with weir length equaling 77% of tower diameter. The do vnflow segment is 12.4% of the tower area. 

Wire Rope Preparation. The wire rope should be securely seized or clamped at the end before cutting. Measure from the end of the rope a length equal to approximately 90% of the length of the socket basket. Seize or clamp at this point. Use as many seizings as necessary to prevent the rope from unlaying. 

For stable operation of the valves some appreciable volume between them is necessary. A length equal to 50 diameters of the appropriately sized pipe is often recommended or the same volume of larger pipe. 

Geometric steradian The solid angle which, having its vertex in the center of a sphere, cuts off an area of the surface of the sphere equal to that of a square with sides of length equal to the radius of the sphere. 

V is the volume, and F is a factor of proportionality, which is calculable from the elastic properties of the solid. The connection with elasticity was in fact suspected by Sutherland in 1910 (Phil, May., 20, 657), who found that the infra-red frequency of a solid was of the same order as the frequency of an elastic transversal vibration with a wave length equal to the distance between two neighbouring atoms. To every degree of freedom Debye assigns an amount of energy ... 

Figure 5. Velocity and temperature profiles for the cut-off Lennard-Jones potential. The system consists of 1152 atoms enclosed in a box of side length equal to 32 6 6.

Radicle elongation was quite linear with time (r = 0.98, minimum). Pretreating the seed with DCM reduced early radicle growth, but by 96 h the sterol/DCM treated seed achieved radicle lengths equal to that of the H2O control and 30% more than those of DCM controls. The experiment was terminated at 96 h when space limitations in the petri dishes and near-anaerobic conditions during incubation began to interfere with seedling development. There were no secondary roots visible after 96 h. 

For design purposes this can be taken as equal to the surface area of a cylinder with the same diameter as the cylone and length equal to the total height of the cyclone (barrel plus cone). 

If the length equals twice the diameter, then the diameter will be 4.5 ft and the length will be 9 ft. 

The numerator of the right side of this equation is equal to the chemical reaction rate that would prevail if there were no diffusional limitations on the reaction rate. In this situation, the reactant concentration is uniform throughout the pore and equal to its value at the pore mouth. The denominator may be regarded as the product of a hypothetical diffusive flux and a cross-sectional area for flow. The hypothetical flux corresponds to the case where there is a linear concentration gradient over the pore length equal to C0/L. The Thiele modulus is thus characteristic of the ratio of an intrinsic reaction rate in the absence of mass transfer limitations to the rate of diffusion into the pore under specified conditions. 

The observed planarity and bond length equalization in 1,3,2-diazaphospholenium cations likewise suggest that these compounds have substantial n-electron delocalization and possess possibly aromatic character. Several studies were undertaken to quantify the degree of n-delocalization by computational calculations using the interpretation of population analyses, ELF calculations, evaluation of magnetic criteria [nucleus independent chemical shift (NICS) values], and the... 

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