Asthma lipid mediators

Lima C, Perini A, Garcia ML, Martins MA, Teixeira MM, Macedo MS (2002) Eosinophilic inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness are profoundly inhibited by a helminth (Ascaris suum) extract in a murine model of asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 32(11) 1659-1666 Luster AD, Tager AM (2004) T-cell trafficking in asthma lipid mediators grease the way. Nat Rev Immunol 4(9) 711-724... 

As the research area expanded, the leukotrienes were discovered next. The leukotrienes are potent lipid mediators associated with asthma and allergic reactions. In contrast to prostaglandins, leukotrienes are made predominantly in inflammatory cells, like leukocytes, macrophages, and mast cells. 

The profile of lipid mediators in exhaled breath condensates of patients with COPD shows an increase in prostaglandins and leukotrienes (46). A significant increase in PGE2 and p2a and an increase in LTB4 but not cysteinyl-leukotrienes is observed. This increase is a different pattern to that observed in asthma, in... 

Beta-1, beta-2, and beta-3 adrenergic receptors are G-protein-coupled receptors. Beta-1 and beta-2 receptors mediate the positive inotropic, chronotropic, and dro-motropic effects of the endogenous catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine. The beta-3 subtype seems to play a role in regulating thermogenesis and lipid mobilization in brown and white adipose tissue. Several coding and promoter polymorphisms of these receptors have been identified. Clinical studies in asthma... 

While previous studies have focused on MPO in cardiovascular disease, it is important to consider the role of monocytes, macrophages, eosinophils, and neutrophils as mediators of innate immunity, and as important responsive cells in inflammation. The role of MPO and EPO and their hypohalous acids targeting lipids to generate novel halogenated lipids is relatively unexplored, and should be thoroughly examined, in diseases including pancreatitis, asthma, renal glomerular, and tubular disease. 

---