Matrix assessment

Figure 8.2 Excerpt from the US ERA Eurniture Flame Retardants Hazard Assessment Matrix. Reproduced with permission of Clive Davies, US Environmental Protection Agency.

Safety Pharmacology Integrated Risk Assessment Matrix... 

Please mark fields relevant for each chemical in the following assessment matrix using the results of step 1 and step 3 (Fig. 2) ... 

In order to assess matrix effects, spike-recovery experiments were performed on samples from 10 individual human and six monkey matrix lots. Human samples were spiked with concentrations at the LLOQ and 10-fold the LLOQ. Monkey samples were spiked with concentrations at the LLOQ, two- and 400-fold the LLOQ. The results of the spike-recovery experiments are shown in Table 6.2. Some unspiked human samples showed a substantial amount of X, and their values were subtracted from the spiked sample results before calculating the spike recovery. For samples from monkey plasma samples, all samples were blank and no correc-... 

Typical questions related to the compound are whether the toxicity data that are available match with the situation that is being investigated, both regarding the test matrix and the assessed matrix (physicochemical processes determining availability), and regarding the species that were tested and the typical species for the assessed situation (biotic similarity). 

Fratricide Risk Assessment Matrix Example of Unit Defense Perimeter TACSOP... 

Figure 6.4 Schematic overview of the two commonly used methods to assess matrix effects in LC/ESI-MS/MS. (a) The post-column infusion method. The dashed line represents the signal of the analyte. The full line is obtained when injecting blank matrix. The arrow indicates the region of ion suppression, (b) The post-extraction spike method. The dashed peak represents the standard in neat solution. The full-line peak is obtained with standard spiked in matrix post-extraction. A clear reduction of the peak area is observed, which indicates ion suppression. (Reproduced from Van Eeckhaut et al. with permission from Elsevier copyright 2009.)...

One way to do this is to decide on the key dimensions of inclusion for the organization and how these can be addressed for each of the key dimensions, functions, or systems of the organization. In Figure 1.3, I present an Inclusion Assessment Matrix that my students and I (Ferdman, Brody, Cooper, Jeffcoat, 8c Le, 1995) developed almost two decades ago and that continues to be quite relevant. Across the top row we list the various systems of the organization, and down the left side we list the various dimensions of inclusion we identified at the time. For each of these dimensions of inclusion, we created illustrative general assessment questions or topics, which are also included in the figure. 

Source Adapted from Ferdman, Brody, Cooper, Jeffcoat, and Le, 1995, Inclusion Assessment Matrix, unpublished document, Cabfomia School of Professional Psychology, San Diego, CA. 

Additionally, some of the impact identification methods previously discussed may also be of value in impact prediction (i.e. checklists, assessment matrix and networks). 

Once impact significances are determined for each process, for each macroprocess and for the whole company, considerable information becomes available to provide guidance on how environmental performance may be improved. The information may indicate that one of the processes in the assessment matrix is dominating the environmental impact or that the total impact is largely due to one KPI, suggesting where attention should be focussed for improvement actions. The scores included in the assessment matrix then serve as a baseline against which alternatives may be judged. 

Table 8.7 The rating process and the assessment matrix structure... 

In addition, the general structure of the resulting assessment matrix is reported in Table 8.6 the columns represent the textile and clothing processes (divided into primary processes, support processes and mechanical plants) the rows represent the environmental impacts (KPIs) and each cell reports the significance of the specific environmental impact for the specific process. Aggregate ratings are also possible. 

Count the comprehensive values of whitening weight functions of different grey classes. If the statistical gray number of the assessment matrix is set as... 

The obtained single-factor grey assessment matrix of risk assessment index is... 

The fuzzy comprehensive assessment method is adopted to integrate the index weighing formula (2) and single-factor grey assessment matrix formula. (6). It is assumed that the whitened fuzzy comprehensive assessment matrix is... 

According to the formula (7), the comprehensive fuzzy assessment matrix for the whitening can be obtained. 

Matrix spike standard solutions and laboratory control standards which are added to one sample per batch to assess matrix effects. 

Matrix Spike Standard consists of a representative set of the targeted analytes whose percent recoveries are evaluated in the sample matrix. For example, if THMs were the targeted analytes, this reference standard would consist of one or more THMs such as chloroform, bromodichloromethane, and chlorodibromomethane. These compounds would be dissolved in a matrix-compatible solvent such as MeOH. A precise aliquot of this solution is added to a sample so that the effect of the sample matrix on the percent recovery can be evaluated. A second standard called a matrix spike duplicate is often required in EPA methods and is used to assess matrix recovery precision. 

The importance of any engineering subject is calculated by two factors risk and cost. While risky is an unscientific way of addressing an issue that is potentially dangerous, risk has a clear engineering definition risk is the product of likelihood and consequences. These factors are expressed in a risk assessment matrix Figure 1.2 shows an example of a risk matrix. 

FIGURE 1.2 Example of a color-coded risk assessment matrix. Different classes of risks are not given. 

The reason this rather small-scale accident is mentioned next to the two large-scale accidents noted above is that this minor case presents a potential risk. Recalling the risk assessment matrix (Figure 4.2), it is not hard to imagine that such a small-scale accident could have had very serious consequences, ranking it as a potentially extremely hazardous case. In this context, even a small-scale accident could have the potential of an environmental disaster. 

Reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM) programs are an integral part of any risk management system. Note Some companies use the letters RAM to mean Risk Assessment Matrix.)... 

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