Artificial seaweed

Cebo UK snpply a closed-cell foamed PP seaweed, called Cegrass, which is designed to protect pipeline installations and other snbsea equipment. The artificial seaweed... 

AMMONIUM HALIDE, 293 ANISOTROPY, 38 57 153 174 406 ANNULAR DIE, 311 ANTIOXIDANT, 385 ANTI-SLIP PROPERTIES, 208 ANTISTATIC PROPERTIES, 91 302 426 427 444 447 450 APPEARANCE, 124 186 241 293 AQUEOUS DISPERSION, 103 ARGON, 185 233 235 321 339 433 ARRHENIUS FACTOR, 243 ARTIFICIAL HIP, 52 ARTIFICIAL KNEE, 52 ARTIFICIAL SEAWEED, 455 ASPECT RATIO, 314 419 ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY, 149... 

Artificial seaweed tufted into a multifilament woven fabric was developed in 1965 by Sun Oil Co. and used to encourage sand buildup in the seabed and prevent further erosion. Both Nicolon and ICl followed with similar applications in the late 1960s (Brashears and DartneU, 1967). Silt fences, both on sloping gravel surfaces and underwater, were developed by Erosion Control Co., Burlington Industries, and the Mirafi Co. in the late 1960s (Koemer and Welsh, 1980). 

Brandi, H., 1977. Die Verwendung von Kunststoffvliesen im Tiefbau. OIAV, Heft 68, Wien. Brashears, R.L., Dartnell, J.J., October 1967. Development of the Artificial Seaweed Concept. Shore and Beach. 

Toth GB, Pavia H (2006) Artificial wounding decreases plant biomass and shoot strength of the brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum (Fucales, Phaeophyceae). Mar Biol 148 1193-1199 Tugwell S, Branch GM (1989) Differential polyphenolic distribution among tissues in the kelps Ecklonia maxima, Laminaria pallida and Macrocystis angustifolia in relation to plant-defence theory. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 129 219-230... 

Vanadium is also an essential element for some marine macro-algae, such as the brown seaweed F. spiralus and the green seaweed Entero-morpha compressa. The growth yield of these marine algae is enhanced considerably (26) when vanadate is added to the culture medium, which consists of artificial seawater. Some seaweeds contain vanadium. A study of 70 seaweeds from Japanese coastal waters yielded vanadium contents ranging from 0.3 to 10.6 ppm on the basis of dry weight (27). 

Scientists have created artificial skin with biomechanical properties similar to real skin using biomaterials such as fibrin (from blood), agarose (from seaweed), chitosan (from crustacean shells), and collagen. 

In addition to measurements on direct pathways to humans, consideration should be given to the measurement of activity concentrations in natural or artificially added indicator organisms or materials such as seaweeds, lichen or suspended particulate matter which are not always direct parts of food chains. Indicator materials are selected not because they represent a component of the human diet but because they concentrate radionuclides and provide a measure of trends in activity levels. Because of the concentration mechanism, radionuclides in indicator materials are usually more readily detectable than in foodstuffs, so the indicator organisms or materials provide a more sensitive indicator of environmental contamination [6]. 

Most field assays with seaweed secondary metabolites have used co-occurring palatable seaweeds as assay organisms, while most field assays with invertebrate secondary metabolites have used artificial gel-based diets. Each of these approaches is outlined below. 

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