Arsenic naming

Sedimentary rocks with the highest arsenic concentrations largely consist of materials that readily sorb or contain arsenic, such as organic matter, iron (oxy)(hydr)oxides, clay minerals, and sulfide compounds. Arsenian pyrite and arsenic-sorbing organic matter are especially common in coals and shales. Ironstones and iron formations are mainly composed of hematite and other iron (oxy)(hydr)oxides that readily sorb or coprecipitate arsenic. Iron compounds also occur as cements in some sandstones. Although almost any type of sedimentary rock could contain arsenic-rich minerals precipitated by subsurface fluids (Section 3.6.4), many sandstones and carbonates consist almost entirely of minerals that by themselves retain very little arsenic namely, quartz in sandstones and dolomite and calcite in limestones. 

Tartar emetic, as its name indicates, can be used medicinally to cause vomiting. For the preparation of tartar emetic intended for medicinal use, pure antimony trioxide, free (in particular) from traces of arsenic, must of course be employed. 

When immediately followed by -in or -ine, phospha- should be replaced by phosphor-, arsa- by arsen-, and stiba-by antimon-. The saturated six-membered rings corresponding to phosphorin and arsenin are named phosphorinane and arsenane. A further exception is the replacement of borin by borinane. 

Stibonic and Stibinic Acids. The stibonic acids, RSbO(OH)2, and stibinic acids, R2SbO(OH), are quite different in stmcture from their phosphoms and arsenic analogues. The stibonic and stibinic acids are polymeric compounds of unknown stmcture and are very weak acids. lUPAC classifies them as oxide hydroxides rather than as acids. Thus CgH3SbO(OH)2 is named phenyl antimony dihydroxide oxide [535-46-6], the Chemical Abstracts n.2ixn.e is dihydroxyphenylstibine oxide [535-46-6], CgH OgSb. 

Wood Preservation. The use of chromium compounds ia wood preservation is largely because of the excellent results achieved by chromated copper arsenate (CCA), available ia three modifications under a variety of trade names. The treated wood (qv) is free from bleeding, has an attractive ohve-green color, and is paintable. CCA is widely used, especially ia treating utility poles, bull ding lumber, and wood foundations. About 62% of all the chromic acid produced ia the United States is consumed by the wood preservation industry (77,167) (see Building materials, survey). 

The terms FD C, D C, and External D C (Ext. D C), which are part of the name of colorants, reflect the FDA s colorant certification. FD C dyes may be used for foods, dmgs, and cosmetics D C dyes are allowed in dmgs and cosmetics and Ext. D C dyes are permitted only in topical products. Straight colorants include both the organic dyes and corresponding lakes, made by extending the colorant on a substrate such as aluminum hydroxide or barium sulfate. The pure dye content of these lakes varies from 2 to 80% the organic dyes contain over 80% pure dye. Colorants certified for cosmetic use may not contain more than 0.002% of lead, not more than 0.0002% of arsenic, and not more than 0.003% of heavy metals other than lead and arsenic. 

In order to avoid ambiguity, it was previously recommended that these prefixes be modified when names already preempted for noncyclic compounds would otherwise be generated. The recommendation was that when immediately followed by -in or -ine, phospha- be changed to phosphora , arsa- to arsen- and stiba- to antimon-. This recommendation has been superseded by a suitable change in the stem suffix (see ahead), but is mentioned here because it is still substantially used in modern literature, including other chapters of this present work. 

In 1907 this, the Army s first powder factory, was constructed. It was at this time also, and in line with its expanding activities, that the name was Finally changed to Picatinny Arsenal... 

In addition to the tests made on peaches and apricots, samples of prunes from trees that had been sprayed with parathion, DDT, DDD, basic lead arsenate, and toxaphene at the rate of from 1 to 2 pounds of these insecticides per 100 gallons of water were tested on larvae of Aedes aegypti. The trees had been sprayed on April 20 and June 16, 1948. The fruit was harvested on or about September 10. Prunes from trees that had been treated with 1 quart of tetraethyl pyrophosphate and 12 pounds of sulfur dust per acre on June 15, and harvested about July 6, were tested on larvae of the above named species. None of the prune samples tested in this study exhibited any significant toxicity to mosquito larvae as compared with the unsprayed check. 

Two simple Cd arsenates have been described, namely Cd2As2C)7, with a ditetrahedral anion 287, and CdAs206, with both Cd and As in octahedral environment.288... 

Name derived from Kobold (German malicious mountain troll, who hindered smelting, especially when the ore contained arsenic)... 

Kuroda and Tarui [498] developed a spectrophotometric method for molybdenum based on the fact that MoVI catalyses the reduction of ferric iron by divalent tin ions. The plot of initial reaction rate constant versus molybdenum concentration is rectilinear in the range 0.01-0.3 mg/1 molybdenum. Several elements interfere, namely, titanium, rhenium, palladium, platinum, gold, arsenic, selenium, and tellurium. 

Woolwich [Named after the British Government laboratory at Woolwich Arsenal, where it was invented] A process for making the explosive RDX by nitrating hexamethylene tetramine. 

The official compendia lay a great deal of emphasis on the control of physiologically dangerous, cumulative poisonous and harmful impurities, such as lead, arsenic and iron present in a host of pharmaceutical chemicals. These impurities very often creep into the final product through a number of means stated below, namely ... 

In addition to the above two commonly found impurities, there are a number of other acid radical impurities which exist in pharmaceutical substances, namely arsenate, carbonate, cyanide, nitrate, oxalate, phosphate and silicate. 

Arsenic (As, [Ar]3 /l04.v24/r3), name and symbol from the Greek word apasvLK,ov and from the Persian word az-zarnikh (As2S3, yellow orpiment). Known since ancient times. 

Other special features used in the pilot wetland are floating mats and similar installations to assist the sedimentation of iron precipitates to which arsenic is mainly bound. They can be seen in Figure 6. They have proved to significantly increase the effectiveness of iron and arsenic removal by keeping the pond size to a minimum. This is essential under the conditions already described in the Introduction, namely limited space available at most of the sites. 

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