Tiselius. Arne

The third test of protein homogeneity, developments from which remain in common use, was that of electrophoresis. Arne Tiselius had been a research assistant in Svedberg s laboratory. From 1925 he pioneered the application of electrophoresis to the analysis and separation of protein mixtures, showing with dialyzed serum differences in mobility of the protein components and the presence of three classes of globulins, a, B, and y. 

With the study of the migration of hydrogenium ions (H ) in a phenolphthalein gel by Lodge in 1886 and the description of the migration of ions in saline solutions by Kohlraush in 1897, a basis was set for the development of a new separation technique that we know today as electrophoresis. Indeed, several authors applied the concepts introduced by Lodge and Kohlraush in their methods and when Arne Tiselius reported the separation of different serum proteins in 1937, the approach called electrophoresis was recognized as a potential analytical technique. Tiselius received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the introduction of the method called moving boundary electrophoresis. ... 

Arne Tiselius announced his electrophoresis apparatus, which was enormous both in size and expense, in 1937. Electrophoresis was designed for the separation and investigation of proteins, and the technique has had its greatest impact in biology and biochemistry.174 The development of electrophoretic methods after Tiselius has been... 

Electrophoresis experiments in glass tubes were reported as early as in the nineteenth century, but the first real breakthrough occurred in the first half of the twentieth century when the Swedish chemist Arne Tiselius applied free-solution electrophoresis—i.e moving boundary—to serum protein analysis, for which he later received the 1937 Nobel Prize [2], In less than two decades, just after the striking scientific discovery of the double-helical structure of DNA by Watson and Crick in 1953 [3] and the following unveiling of the genetic code, electrophoresis became a standard and indispensable tool in the field of modern... 

Adsorption Analysis of Amino Acid Mixtures Arne Tiselius... 

Electrophoresis is a separation method based on the differential rates of migration of charged species in an applied dc electric field. This separation technique for macrosize samples was first developed by the Swedish chemist Arne Tiselius in the 1930s for the study of semm proteins he was awarded the 1948 Nobel Prize for his work. 

Arne Tiselius, "The Moving Boundary Method of Studying the Electrophoresis of PrO-... 

The migration of colloidally dispersed particles in a direct current field was reported as early as 1809. From then on the phenomenon received attention only every 30 or 50 years as an analytical method, culminating in 1948 when Arne Tiselius received the Nobel Prize for his experimentations, particularly electrophoretic separation of proteins. 

The 1948 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to the Swedish scientist Arne Tiselius ". .for his research on electrophoresis and absorption analysis, especially for hrs discoveries concerning the complex nature of the serum proteins. ... 

The movement of soil colloidal particles was the first description of electrophoresis as early as 1809. However, Arne Tiselius ( 1937) was the first to construct a successful instrument useful for the separation of serum protein by electrophoresis using the boundary separation principle. Because of the clinical significance of this type of separation, many improvements and refinements followed, such as utilizing paper, cellulose acetate, gel, and more recently capillaries in order to speed up and better separate (into distinct zones) the different proteins. The electric current can be utilized in the clinical applications to accomplish not just separation but other tasks ... 

The interest in protein separation for clinical diagnosis by electrophoresis dates back to the work of Arne Tiselius (around 1937). Because proteins have different amino acid compositions with different isoelectric points they tend to behave differently in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). For example, basic proteins tend to bind to the capillary wall and give distorted peak shape. To improve their separation by CE, different additives, high salts, or coated capillaries are used to decrease the binding to the walls. 

In the late 1930s, Arne Tiselius reviewed the question of the electrophoretic homogeneity of proteins when he applied his new electrophoretic method to the beautiful crystals of pepsin given him by John Philpot of Oxford and to crystalline pepsin provided by John Northrop. Tiselius found that in no case was the electrophoretic pattern quite homogeneous there was always an inactive component. Nevertheless, he said, peptic activity [was always] associated with a protein component, which shows fairly homogeneous migration. Tiselius concluded... 

The concept of separating sample components in a column was first developed in 1903 by Mikhail Tswett, who introduced the term chromatography in 1906. Unfortunately, his contemporaries showed little interest for the idea and almost 30 years went by before scientists in Germany rediscovered the principle of column liquid chromatography (LC). Then, in 1943 Arne Tiselius (in Sweden) classified chromatography into three modes frontal, elution, and displacement. The elution mode actually became synonymous with almost all chromatography, but in recent years the displacement mode has attracted new interest, particularly in the separation of proteins. 

Arne Tiselius, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Uppsala, Sweden... 

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