Northrop,John

Nemeroff, Charles B. (1998). The Neurobioiogy of Depression. Scientific American 278 42 9. 

Basic Neuropharmacology. The Chemistry of the Nervous System. Available from http //www.ptd.neu.edu/neuroanatomy/ . 

Michael W. Biochemistry of Neurotransmitters. Available from http //web. indstate.edu/thcme/ . 

John Northrop shared the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1946 with Wendell Stanley, awarded to them for their preparation of enzymes and vims proteins in a pure form, and with James Sumner, for his discovery that enzymes can be crystalhzed. Although Sumner had been the first, in 1926, to crystallize an enzyme (urease) and to aver that enzymes were proteins, Northrop did more than any other scientist to establish that pnre enzymes are indeed proteins. 

Northrop carefully tested his enzyme preparations by means of solnbil-ity measurements, ultracentrifuge analysis, and electrophoresis, and concluded that they were essentially pure proteins. From measnrements of diffusion, denaturation, hydrolysis, and the formation of active enzyme from inactive precursor, he concluded that enzymatic activity was a property of the protein molecule itself and was not due to a nonprotein impurity. 

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Northrop, John. Nobel lecture. Available from . 

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