Archival Searches

Archives may contain very valuable information as to what may be buried at a site and where it might be located. One interesting source is the local newspaper. Many papers keep a running index. For example, during a recent search of the Washington, DC, Evening Star index under the heading 

The good indexing of many periodicals makes such archival work easy. 

The Corps of Engineers has historians who generally do a credible job of research. Historians often lack a scientific background and, accordingly, may not fully appreciate some of their findings. For example, at the AUES the historians properly concluded that the site had 1200 chemists and engineers plus 700 support personnel. However, this did not get translated into there must be a dump somewhere. Because there was no mention of a dump in the records, the conclusion was reached that there was no dump. It took the state to order the Corps to find the dump. Actually, it turns out that there are many, and some have already been found. 

The military branches generally will not authorize an environmental cleanup unless there is direct proof of the problem. Often, accountants are in charge of the environmental process and are somewhat oblivious to scientific observations. Therefore, the military historical studies will sometimes make unwarranted no further action (NOFA) statements because they did not find a burial map or see shells sticking out 

the military avoids remedial actions on the whole site and routinely tries to limit their efforts to the hot spots. It is sometimes very difficult to get them to sample even the four comers of the site. It is therefore imperative for the states to do enough archival research to support a request for facility-wide investigations. 

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The New York Times and other newspapers have free archive search functions. These are useful for reading news reports relevant to toxic substances,... 

Construction archive search for the manufacturing conditions in order to know the properties of the materials, the chemical treatments used for cleaning, the heat treatments, the manufacturing methods, the inspections and repairs performed. 

In addition to EE-specific sites, there are sites that cover many engineering disciplines and have EE components. Two of the most helpful are the Scout Report and Engineering Village, both of which have been covered in Chapter 2 in this book. The Scout Report, which is freely available, has an archival search feature that retrieves a listing of reviewed Web sites matching the search criteria. Two examples of the valuable sites listed in the Scout Report follow ... 

In addition, the contractor was neva told that arsenicals were tested in open air bursts, which was readily apparent from the records. Hence, there was no effort to establish a wind drift plume of arsenic. Thus, even when the facts are known from the archival search it is important to have the correct expertise to identify those of importance and communicate the information to the responsible elements. 

On NDTnet both retrieval methods are optimally combined, however that is only successfully because the content on the server is extensive and valuable (Table 2). A full text search with all advanced search features is available and the site also provides a table of contents for each month and archives are organized in subjects together with an alphabetical index. 

Derwent Information Ltd. Derwent Information Ltd., previously known as Derwent PubHcations Ltd., changed its name in the 1990s to reflect more accurately the fact that its products go far beyond traditional pubHcations. Derwent provides a wide spectmm of information products and services, many of them relating to patents. Derwent also produces important databases (qv) of nonpatent information from the pharmaceutical and agncultural chemical Hterature. These products and services encompass alerting tools for current awareness, systems for retrospective search and retneval, and means for document deHvery and archiving. 

The DS team uncovered four additional sets of documentation systems when they conducted their detailed search of programs and elements. Each documentation system had its own set of standards for recording information, distribution, review and approval and for archiving. Furthermore, the incompatibilities of the various electronic systems were exacerbated by the lack of a corporate hierarchy on preferred computer platforms. 

As already stated above, the database has been developed using ISIS software. The program operation is very simple, and about 30 min to learn the particular commands of this structure-searching program. ISIS provides both storage and retrieval of chemical structures. It is also possible to store text and numeric data into database entries. Because molecular structures are searchable in many ways, ISIS software is an excellent tool for exploiting data, and not simply archiving it. 

This site offers tools for browsing, searching, and reporting that utilize the data resulting from ongoing efforts to create a more consistent and comprehensive archive. 

Search engine of the National Center for Biotechnology Information, including a few databases PubMed (MEDLINE biomedical literature), PubMed Central (free digital archive of life sciences journal literature), Books, OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, a catalog of genetically linked diseases),... 

Goodman visited the Library of Congress and other archives in his persistent search. He waded through 100 years of The Journal of the American Medical Association, as well as The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal (continued as The New England Journal of Medicine), Lancet and The British Medical Journal. 

Human Protein Reference Database http //www.hprd.org/protein PubChem - Chemical structures of small organic molecules and information on their biological activities http //pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Search within the archive of websites http //www.archive.org... 

For periodicals not indexed by an online service (or for which only abstracts rather than complete text is available), check to see whether the publication has its own web site (many now do). Some scholarly publications are putting all or most of their articles online. Popular publications tend to offer only a limited selection. Some publications of both types offer archives of several years back issues that can be searched by author or by keyword. 

Proust, Marcel (author), Andreas Mayor (translator), Terence Kilmartin (translator). In Search of Lost Time Volume VI, lime Regained (New York Modem Library, 1999). lime Regained, the final volume of In Search of Lost Time, begins in the bleak and uncertain years of World War I. See also Gilles Taurand, Chicago Reader Movie Review The Sweet Cheat, Time Regained, Directed by Raul Ruiz, http // www.chireader.eom/movies/archives/2000/0700/000721.html... 

It should be stressed that this inquiry about the fate of the pioneers of free radical chemistry in the hands of the Nobel committee is based solely on a search of the Nobel Archive of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden. Although in principle no other written material, such as letters exchanged between committee members, should exist outside the archives (Section 8 in the Special Regulations at that time stated The proceedings, verdicts and proposals of the Nobel-Committees with reference to the prize-distribution shall not be published or in any other way be made known , much later to be replaced by the rule that the Nobel Archive should be made available for research of material fifty years old), it cannot be dismissed that such material with relation to free radical chemistry may possibly be found. The many references to correspondence between commit-... 

The study examined the pertinent sections of the two relevant statutes, the FFDCA and PHSA, and their implementing regulations in the Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 (21 CFR). We searched the literature for relevant documents, especially for the type of pertinent reports that seldom get entered in the archival literature. 

The on-line nanotechnology A to Z encyclopedia. This site includes a search engine for finding recent and archived articles relating to nanotechnology news. 

In the meantime, Rudolf s home had been searched three times, and each time books, archives, correspondence, technical data and his computer equipment were seized. The principal loss was not that of physical items, but the intellectual loss of data and archive material. The result was that Rudolf could no longer work as a scientist and also could not defend himself unrestrictedly in court, since his resources to... 

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