Aquatic ecotoxicity potential

Tessier, L., Unfer, S., F6rard, J.F., Loiseau, C., Richard, E. and Brumas, V. (1999) Potential of acoustic wave microsensors for aquatic ecotoxicity assessment based on microplates. Sensors and Actuators B 59 177-179. 

Chevre, N., Gagne, F. and Blaise, C. (2003a) Development of a biomarker-based index for assessing the ecotoxic potential of polluted aquatic sites. Biomarkers, 8, 287-298. 

Abiotic Ozone layer Acidificaiton Fresh water Terrestrial resource depletion (kg potential (kg aquatic ecotoxicity depletion CFC-11eq.) S02eq.) ecotoxicity (kg1,4DBeq.)... 

Errvirorrmerrtal Not ecotoxic potentially biodeg. not expected to bioaccumulate in aquatic environment Plasthall BSA [C.P. Hall]... 

Fourteen formulations of chemical alternatives were submitted to EPA under confidentiality and they were assessed based on numerous human health and ecotoxicity endpoints in addition to bioaccumulation potential and environmental persistence. They were also screened for potential exposure to workers, users and the aquatic environment. Where data gaps existed, EPA experts used models and chemical analogs to estimate the hazard for a particular endpoint. The literature and test data reviews were published in the final report, Environmentally Preferable Options for Furniture Fire Safety Low Density Furniture Foam . In addition, each hazard endpoint was ranked with a concern level (High, Moderate or Low) based on the criteria used by the EPA s New Chemicals Program to rate the concern level of new chemicals submitted under the Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA). As seen in Figure 8.2, where the hazard endpoint rankings are bold, the value is based on experimental data. Where the hazard endpoints are presented in italic font, the value is estimated based on models or chemical analogs. In this way, detailed hazard information was summarized and presented in a clear and concise format. 

Tier 2 PRA process involved developing environmental exposure data and chronic toxicity data distributions for individual POPs. The mean concentrations of POPs in local marine water measured at various locations were used as exposure data in the construction of the exposure distribution. The chronic toxicity data distribution was established based on published international acute toxicity data (LC50, EC50) on a variety of aquatic organisms tested in many jurisdictions, drawn primarily from the USEPA ECOTOX database (2002) (available at http //www.epa.gov/ ecotox). If the upper 5th centile of the measured chemical exposure data distribution did not exceed the lower 5th centile of its estimated chronic toxicity distribution, the potential ecological risk posed by the chemical was judged to be tolerable (Hall and Giddings, 2000). 

Ellgehausen, H., Guth, J.A., Esser, H.O. (1980) Factors determining the bioaccumulation potential of pesticides in the individual compartments of aquatic food chains. Ecotox. Environ. Saf. 4, 134-157. 

Ecotoxicity is somewhat variable. The material has a low to moderate toxicity to birds, a high toxicity to many aquatic organisms, and a low toxicity potential to bees. Oral LD50 pheasants 735 mgkg bobwhite... 

Human C/D/R/N or RfD <0.003 mg/ kg/day. Aquatic chronic NOEC <0.1 mg/l acute NOEC <1.0 mg/l Human C/ M/R/N other chronic effects or effects from site releases Human chronic effects. Aquatic chronic/acute toxicity (see EPA 2005 for details) Aquatic chronic NOEC High <0.1 pg/l Moderate 1.0 pg/i Human C/M/R or other chronic. Aquatic Acute LC/EC5o<1 mg/l chronic NOEC <0.1 mg/l na Human C/M/R or other chronic toxicity. Aquatic Chronic NOEC <0.01 mg/l Human C/M/R endocrine disruption or equivalent concern Toxicity/ecotoxicity data with potential adverse effects to humans or environment see Table 3... 

Abstract While a large hody of information is available on the environmental effects of parent chemicals, we know much less about the effects of transformation products. However, transformation products may be more toxic, more persistent and more mobile than their parent compound. An understanding of the ecotoxicity of transformation products is therefore essential if we are to accmately assess the environmental risks of synthetic chemicals. This chapter therefore uses data on pesticides and their transformation products to explore the relationships between parent and transformation product ecotoxicity to aquatic and terrestrial organisms and describes the potential reasons why a transformation product may be more toxic than its parent compound. As it is not feasible to experimentally assess the ecotoxicity of each and every transformation product, this chapter also describes and evaluates the use of expert systems, read-across methods and quantitative structme activity relationships for estimating transformation product ecotoxicity based on chemical structme. Finally, experimental and predicted ecotoxicity data are used alongside monitoring data for parent pesticides and their transformation products to illustrate how the risks of parent and transformation product mixtiu es can be assessed. 

Ecological information (Non-mandatory) (a) Ecotoxicity (aquatic and terrestrial, where available) (b) Persistence and degradability (c) Bioaccumulative potential (d) Mobility in soil (e) Other adverse effects (such as hazardous to the ozone layer). 

Not readily biodegradable. Log Pow value = 8.51, indicates a high potential to bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms. Direct photolysis t(l/2) 0.6 hrs. Ecotoxicity (LC50 96 hour) 0.23 pg/L [Fish] (EC50 48 hour) 0.038 pg/L [Daphnia] (EC50 96 hour) 0.349 pg/L [Aquatic Plants],... 

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