Big Chemical Encyclopedia

Chemical substances, components, reactions, process design ...

Articles Figures Tables About

Aplastic anemia drugs involved

The heme iron in the peroxidase is oxidized by the peroxide from III+ to V4- in compound I. The compound I is reduced by two sequential one-electron transfer processes giving rise to the original enzyme. A substrate-free radical is in turn generated. This may have toxicological implications. Thus the myeloperoxidase in the bone marrow may catalyze the metabolic activation of phenol or other metabolites of benzene. This may underlie the toxicity of benzene to the bone marrow, which causes aplastic anemia (see below and chap. 6). The myeloperoxidase found in neutrophils and monocytes may be involved in the metabolism and activation of a number of drugs such as isoniazid, clozapine, procainamide, and hydralazine (see below). In in vitro systems, the products of the activation were found to be cytotoxic in vitro. [Pg.95]

Hypersusceptibility reactions can involve any system, but they most often affect the skin, leading to drug withdrawal in up to 20% of patients. Aplastic anemia and hepatotoxicity have drastically curtailed the use of felbamate. [Pg.275]

Other drugs thought to induce aplastic anemia through toxic metabolites include phenytoin and carbamazepine. Investigators have theorized that metabolites from phenytoin and carbamazepine bind covalently to macromolecules in the cell, and then cause cell death either by exerting a direct toxic effect on the stem cell or by causing the death of lymphocytes involved in regulating hematopoiesis. ... [Pg.1878]

An even more complex situation has been observed with recombinant proteins (biotherapeutic drugs, biopharmaceuticals). ICFI S8 does not apply to these drugs, but increasingly adverse immune effects are being observed with biopharmaceuticals. Probably the best-known example involved recombinant erythropoietin (EPO), indicated for patients with anemia associated with cancer chemotherapy. For reasons that are not been completely understood, reformulated recombinant EPO, when administered to patients, was associated with pure red cell aplastic anemia. These patients developed neutralizing antibodies to EPO, resulting in ablation of both endogenous and recombinant molecule activity (Schellekens and Jiskoot, 2006). [Pg.9]

Several drugs marketed currently have exhibited problems with toxicity or tetratoge-nicity. Hepatotoxicity, aplastic anemia, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and neurotoxicity have been concerns cited frequently. Idiosyncratic reactions involving hematologic and dermatologic systems have proved fatal in a few cases. Considerable research effort has been directed toward identifying novel pharmaceutical moieties with a broad spectrum of efficacy and fewer side effects. [Pg.280]

Table 5. Drugs frequently involved in aplastic anemia. (Adapted from van Arsdel 1978)... Table 5. Drugs frequently involved in aplastic anemia. (Adapted from van Arsdel 1978)...

See other pages where Aplastic anemia drugs involved is mentioned: [Pg.59]    [Pg.628]    [Pg.348]    [Pg.463]    [Pg.251]    [Pg.1877]    [Pg.768]    [Pg.1498]    [Pg.169]    [Pg.106]    [Pg.247]    [Pg.202]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.106 ]




SEARCH



Anemia aplastic

Anemia drugs

Aplastic

© 2024 chempedia.info