Antigenic Targets

As the specificity and availability of the target epitope expressed by the tumour cells are important determinants for therapeutic outcome, the most interesting antigenic targets will be discussed below. 

Many different tumour-associated antigens (TAAs) have been described for targeted immunotherapy. General considerations that rationalize the choice of a target antigen are  

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8 Strategies for Specific Drug Targeting to Tumour Cells 

A number of both pre-clinical and clinical studies have used the folate receptor or EBP as a target for immunotherapy of ovarian carcinoma [31,32]. Expression of this tumour-associated antigen by normal tissues is restricted [33]. The carcinoma-associated antigen, EGP-2, also called EpCAM, is a 38-kDA transmembrane glycoprotein, present on the majority of simple, stratified and transitional epithelia [34]. The biological function of EGP-2 has not yet been established. 

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Appleton, JA. and Usack, L. (1993) Identification of potential antigenic targets for rapid expulsion of Trichinella spiralis. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 58, 53-62. 

Manabe, Y., Tsubota, T., Haruta, Y., Okazaki, M., Haisa, S., Nakamura, K., and Kimura, I. (1983) Production of monoclonal antibody-bleomycin conjugate utilizing dextran T40 and the antigen-targeting cytotoxicity of the conjugate. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 115, 1009. 

Buchwalow IB, Minin EA, Bocker W (2005) A multicolor fluorescence immunostaining technique for simultaneous antigen targeting. Acta Histochemica 107 143 148 Harlow E, Lane D (1999) Using Antibodies A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor Labora... 

At an early stage in product development, there must be some material made available for use as ELISA reagents. ELISA requires a standard for quantitation and specific antibodies to the drug protein of interest. If these are not already available, either commercially or internally, then time, effort, and expense must be reserved for reagent development as well as assay development activities. The specific antibody is the key reagent in an ELISA. The antibody defines the specificity and sensitivity of the assay. To date there is no successful substitution for the routine production of specific antibodies by immunization of an animal with the antigen target of interest. 

The procedures described represent guidelines optimal methods should be determined in individual laboratories. This is because of the variability of tissue fixation and processing and the variety and stability of antigen targets. 

Feuring-Buske, M., Buske, C., Unterhalt, M. and Eliddemann, W. (2000) Recent advances in antigen-targeted therapy in non-Elodgkin s lymphoma. Ann. Hematol., 79, 167-174. 

HLA-A2.1 -Restricted fi-Cell Antigens Targeted by CD8 T Cells in Human T1D Patients... 

T-cell that, on activation by a specific antigen, targets and attacks cells bearing that type of antigen. Also called natural killer cell (NKC)... 

Of all of the potential applications of mAh therapy, cancer treatment has been the most intensively studied. A broad array of antigenic targets and antibody constructs have been evaluated since the advent of mAh technology in 1975, including two decades of clinical trials. Despite... 

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