Anti-hyaluronidase activity

The balance between the anabolism and catabolism of HA is maintained by the inhibitors of hyaluronidases. Heparin is a known and well-characterized inhibitor of hyaluronidase [132]. Chitosan inhibits HA degradation by venom and bovine testicular hyaluronidases [133]. Cis-unsaturated fatty acids can also inhibit the hyaluronidase activity [134]. Certain anti-inflammatory drugs including saly-cylates, indomethacin and dexamethasone are also known to exert anti-hyaluronidase activity [133, 135]. Ascorbic acid [136], as well as plant derived bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, tannins, pectins, curcumins, cou-marins, gylcyrrhizin are used to block hyaluronidase activity [100]. 

Facino RM, Carini M, Stefani R, Aldini G, Saibene L. Anti-elastase and anti-hyaluronidase activities of saponins and sapogenins from Hedera helix, Aesculus hippocastanum, and Ruscus aculeatus factors contributing to their efficacy in the treatment of venous insufficiency. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 328(10), 720-724, 1995. 

Heyl and Staley [34] reported an inulin content of 5.9% for the roots of Echinacea angustifolia, Bonadeo et al. [49] isolated a pseudocrystalline substance ( echinacina B ) from . angustifolia with weak anti-hyaluronidase activity. It was characterized as a polysaccharide mixture, consisting mainly of an acidic mucopolysaccharide. A raw polysaccharide fraction from . angustifolia roots was also isolated by Wagner et al. [50]. However, this has not yet been characterized in detail. 

Kakegawa, H. et al., Hyaluronidase-inhibitory and anti-allergic activities of the photo-irradiated products of tranilast, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 33, 3738, 1985. 

The relationship between hyaluronic acid, hyaluronidase and rheumatic diseases has been discussed by Smith, who examined the theory that the therapeutic action of salicylate in rheumatic fever might be due to inhibition of increased hyaluronidase activity, but concluded that there was little evidence to support this view. Recent work by others tends to support these conclusions . Nevertheless, the subcutaneous injection of hyaluronidase into the foot of the rat leads to the development of oedema which can be suppressed by anti-inflammatory drugs - . Dewes investigated the inhibition produced by a number of antirheumatic drugs administered subcutaneously and found phenylbutazone, amidopyrine, phenazone and cinchophen active, sodium salicylate less active, and acetylsalicylic acid virtually inactive. All the compounds were, however, given in high doses. Rechenberg has reviewed the actions of phenylbutazone on hyaluronidase in vitro, and on hyaluronidase-induced tissue permeability . ... 

Carini M., R. Maffei Pacino, A. Brambilla, R. Stefani and C. Scesa, 1994, Anti-Hyaluronidase and Anti-Elastase Activity of Saponins of Hederal helix, Aesculus hippocastanum and Ruscus acue-lastus An Explanation of Their Efficacy in the Cosmetic Treatment of Liposclerosis, 18th International I.F.S.C.C. Congress, Poster presentation, Fondazione ClNl, Venezia, Italy. 

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