Anionic materials, textile processing

Once the soil has been separated from the substrate, it is necessary to prevent its redeposition until it is removed in the rinsing process. There are two general mechanisms for the isolation of oily soils from the substrate micellar solubilization and emulsification. The solubilization of oily materials in surfactant micelles is probably the most important mechanism for the removal of oily soil from substrates and follows the general tendencies outlined in Chapter 6. It has generally been observed that oily soil removal from textile surfaces becomes significant only above the cmc for nonionic surfactants, and even for some anionic materials with low erne s. Removal efficiency reaches a maximum at several times that concentration. Since the adsorption of surfactants at interfaces involves the monomeric, rather than the micellar form, while solubilization involves only the micellar form, those results would appear to indicate that in these cases, solubilization is... 

TEX-WET 1001 is widely used in textile wet processing where alkalies are not encountered. Its use in intermediate processing provides fabric which can be run at high speeds through a sub-squent process, such as Sanforizing, finishing, etc. Due to its anionic nature, TEX-WET 1001 should not be used in conjunction with cationic materials. 

Chem. Descrip. Aliphatic hydrocarbon resin emulsions Uses Resin emulsion used in combination with other aq. thermoplastic and/or elastomeric systems to produce coatings, paints, and adhesives extender, tackifier for NR, SR waterproof finishes for paper, textiles esp. suitable for use in high-styrene SBR, EVA resin, and polyacrylic-based latex paints, and in adhesives for bonding films, fibers, and granular materials food-pkg. and processing operations Properties Gardner 9 (50% in toluene) liq. dens. 0.97 kg/l vise. 3000 cps soften, pt. (R B) 63 C pH 8.5 anionic 50% aq. disp. 

Properties HLB 5.4 anionic Toxicoiogy TSCA listed Uses Emulsifier, dispersant, antistat for textiles, paper processing, cutting oils, polishes, emulsion cleaners, rubber latexes, wool lubricants emulsifier in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals protective coating for hygroscopic materials (tablets)... 

The major use of vulcanizing latex adhesives is in the manufacture of textiles, rugs and carpets, and closely allied products such as rubberized hair. As in many other latex applications, ultraaccelerators are used to effect vulcanization. The materials used must be stable in alkaline dispersions, although they need not be active, since if the alkali is ammonia it will normally be removed early in the drying/vulcanization process. The vulcanization ingredients, sulfur, zinc oxide, and the insoluble accelerators must be added as dispersions in water, and these are conveniently prepared at 50% solids and stabilized by an anionic surfactant. Such dispersions may be made by ball-milling or may be easily purchased premade from specialist suppliers. Soluble accelerators can be added as solutions directly to stabilized latex, but the solutions have a much more limited life than do dispersions. 

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