Transcription analysis

Finally, it is interesting to compare NETtalk s skills with the skills of commercially available text-to-speech systems such as DECtalk. Unlike NETtalk, DECtalk uses both extensive (and labor intensive) look up tables that store the phonetic transcription of common and not so common words and sets of phonological rules for words not in its main look up table. While DECtalk performs undeniably better than NETtalk, the comparison is not really a fair one. DECtalk is a combined r sult of many years worth of careful linguistic analysis and codification. NETtalk, on the other hand, is a self-contained. system that (in the span of a few hours worth of DEC VAX CPU time) can learn enough on its own from a set of simple examples to be both intelligible and accurate. 

In the context of gene expression analysis, gene products include proximal products, such as primary transcripts, intermediate products, such as mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA, and distal products including proteins and peptides. 

Phillips, B., Abravaya, K., Morimoto, R.l. (1991), Analysis of the specificity and mechanism of the transcriptional activation of the human hsp70 gene during infection by DNA viruses. J. Virol. 11, 5680-5692. 

The DNA sequence analysis of specific genes has allowed the recognition of a number of sequences important in gene transcription. From the large number of bacterial genes smdied it is possible to construct consensus models of transcription initiation and termination signals. 

Detailed analysis of the lambda repressor led to the important concept that transcription regulatory proteins have several functional domains. For example, lambda repressor binds to DNA with high affinity. Repressor monomers form dimers, dimers interact with each other, and repressor interacts with RNA polymerase. The protein-DNA interface and the three protein-protein interfaces all involve separate and distinct domains of the repressor molecule. As will be noted below (see Figure 39—17), this is a characteristic shared by most (perhaps all) molecules that regulate transcription. 

Lawrence DM, Durham LC, Schwartz L, Seth P, Marie D, Major EO (2004) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of human brain-derived progenitor cells. J Virol 78(14) 7319-7328 Li XY, Guo F, Zhang L, Kleiman L, Cen S (2007) APOBEC3G inhibits DNA strand transfer during HIV-1 reverse transcription. J Biol Chem 282(44) 32065-32074 Lin J, Cullen BR (2007) Analysis of the interaction of primate retroviruses with the human RNA interference machinery. J Virol 81(22) 12218-12226 Liu JO (2005) The yins of T cell activation. Sci STKE 2005(265) rel... 

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