Analysis Albuterol

Wu, S. T., Xing, J., Apedo, A., Wang-Iverson, D. B., Olah, T. V., Tymiak, A. A., and Zhao, N. (2004). High-throughput chiral analysis of albuterol enantiomers in dog plasma using online sample extraction/polar organic mode chiral liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 18 2531-2536. 

Chirobiotic columns are used with polar-organic mobile phase. Chirobiotic T was for instance used for enantiomers of salbutamol and its sulfate metabolites [135], for the high-throughput analysis of albuterol in dog plasma [136], while Chirobiotic V was used for MPH (Ch. 11.4.4) [57]. 

In one study, the various P2-AR haplotypic combinations (see Section 2. for description and ref. 3 for nomenclature) were utilized to assess the acute response to a standard dose (two puffs) of albuterol, with the change in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEVj) as the outcome measure. As shown in Fig. 12, there was a relationship between haplotype pair and FEVj response (p = 0.007 by analysis of covariance). The two homozygous haplotype pairs (2 and 4) were further studied in transient transfected cells, with P2-AR mRNA and protein as measures of expression. Haplotype 4 had approx 50% decreased expression compared to haplotype 2. This was entirely consistent with the physiological data for the asthmatics in that those with the 4/4 haplotype had a lower FEV) response to albuterol compared to those with the 2/2 haplotype. Those with the 4/4 haplotype, then, may be the least responsive to acute administration of P-agonist, and either alternative dosing or different agents might be considered for these individuals. 

In other studies, the analysis of urine samples of patients given 8 mg of tritiated albuterol orally showed that 76% of the dose was excreted over 3 days, with the majority of the dose being excreted within the first 24 hours. Sixty percent of this radioactivity was shown to be the metabolite. Feces collected over this period contained 4% of the administered dose. 

The analysis of human blood plasma after treatment with the drug, is shown in figure 11.20. Chromatogram (A) is from an extracted human plasma, spiked with 4.0 ng/ml of Albuterol. Chromatogram (B) is from the predose plasma sample, and chromatogram (C) from a plasma sample taken 45 min after receiving 2.5 mg of racemic Albuterol by a nebulizer. 

Nasr, M.M. Single-puff particle-size analysis of albuterol metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) by high-pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-EC). Pharm.Res., 1993,10,1381—1384... 

Garzotti, M. Hamdan, M. Supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to electrospray mass sp>ec-trometry a powerful tool for the analysis of chiral mixtures, J.Chromatogr.B, 2002, 770, 53-61. [alprenolol lercanidipine disopyramide propafenone tropicamide atenolol ofloxacin albuterol econazole miconazole homatropine nicardipine sulpiride verapamil pindolol flecainide atropine clenbuterol sulconazole ketoconazole]... 

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