Ammonia hydrogen sulfide

The compound can be prepared from 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (picric acid [88-89-1]) by reduction with sodium hydrosulfide (163), with ammonia —hydrogen sulfide followed by acetic acid neutralization of the ammonium salt (164), with ethanolic hydrazine and copper (165), or electrolyticaHy with vanadium sulfate in alcoholic sulfuric acid (159). Heating 4,6-dinitro-2-benzamidophenol in concentrated HQ. at 140°C also yields picramic acid (166). 

In a typical batch operation, carbon disulfide is added to four molar equivalents of 25—30 wt % aqueous ammonia in a stirred vessel, which is kept closed for the first one to two hours. The reaction is moderately exothermic and requires cooling. After two to three hours, when substantially all of the disulfide has reacted, the reaction mixture is heated to decompose dithiocarbamate and trithiocarbonate and vented to an absorption system to collect ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and any unreacted carbon disulfide. 

For example, carbon dioxide from air or ethene nitrogen oxides from nitrogen methanol from diethyl ether. In general, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans, ethane, ethene, acetylene (ethyne), propane and propylene are readily removed at 25°. In mixtures of gases, the more polar ones are preferentially adsorbed). 

Methyl-n-propyl ketone Cyanacetamide Phosphorus oxychloride Ammonia Hydrogen sulfide... 

Steels Nitrate ion Sti ong alkali Carbonate/bicarbonate Liquid ammonia Hydrogen sulfide (aqueous) Cyanide ion... 

Like ammonia, hydrogen sulfide can act as a precipitating agent toward metal cations. The reaction with Cd2+ is typical ... 

Like ammonia, hydrogen sulfide (oxid. no. S = —2) can act only as a reducing agent when it takes part in redox reactions. Most often the H2S is oxidized to elementary sulfur, as in the reaction... 

Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, and other contaminant gases are generally present to some degree in all steam and condensate systems. 

Ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide may result from the decomposition of chemical treatments (although in large boiler plants, ammonia is often deliberately added to raise the boiler, steam, or condensate system pH). 

Curtis SE, Anderson CR, Simon J, et al. 1975. Effects of aerial ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and swine-house dust on rate of gain and respiratory-tract structure in swine. J Anim Sci 41 735-739. 

Chevron WWT [Waste water treatment] An integrated process for treating sour water from oil refineries, particularly for removing ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and carbon dioxide. Only physical processes are used—volatilization and condensation under various conditions. Developed by Chevron Research Company and used in 14 plants worldwide in 1985. Martinez, D., in Chemical Waste Handling and Treatment, Muller, K. R., Ed., Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1986, 180. 

F-S [Ferrous sulfate] A process for removing ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and hydrogen cyanide from coke-oven gas by scrubbing with aqueous ferrous sulfate solution obtained from steel pickling. A complex series of reactions in various parts of the absorption tower yield ammonium sulfate crystals and hydrogen sulfide (for conversion to sulfur or sulfuric acid) as the end products. Developed in Germany by F. J. Collin A.G. 

Many of the undesirable substances present in gaseous or liquid streams form volatile weak electrolytes in aqueous solution. These compounds include ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. The design and analysis of separation processes involving aqueous solutions of these materials require accurate representation of the phase equilibria between the solution and the vapor phase. Relatively few studies of these types of systems have been published concerning solutions of weak electrolytes. This paper will review the methods that have been used for such solutions and, as an example, consider the alkanolamine solutions used for the removal of the acid gases (H2S and C02) from gas streams. 

Ammonia Hydrogen Sulfide Carbon Dioxide Nitrous Oxide... 

Since the main intent in synthesizing our materials was the development of new versatile adsorbents capable of effectively removing either acidic or basic TICs at ambient conditions, the dynamic breakthrough experiments were carried out at ambient conditions. The details of the homemade experimental setup are presented in [42-44]. Ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen dioxide were our target TICs. 

Atmospheric and vacuum distillation units (Figures 4.3 and 4.4) are closed processes, and exposures are expected to be minimal. Both atmospheric distillation units and vacuum distillation units produce refinery fuel gas streams containing a mixture of light hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, and ammonia. These streams are processed through gas treatment and sulfur recovery units to recover fuel gas and sulfur. Sulfur recovery creates emissions of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides. 

The equihbriuin mixtures at 150°C and 180°C contain 30.3% and 25.3% (by weight) thiourea, respectively. When heated at 200°C, the dry powder decomposes to ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and carbon difsuUide, leaving a residue of guanidine thiocyanate [56960-89-5]. 

Hydrotreat to reduce organically bound nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen to ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and water, respectively. 

Cleavage is often associated with elimination of small, stable, neutral molecules, such as carbon monoxide, olefins, water, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen cyanide, mercaptans, ketene, or alcohols, often with rearrangement (Section 2.8). 

Substituents in the 3- and 5-position exert a marked stabilizing influence on the heterocyclic nucleus towards acids, alkalis, and oxidizing and reducing reagents. Thus, the parent compound and its 3-methyl homolog are sensitive to acids (dilute more so than concentrated) the former is rapidly decomposed by cold aqueous alkali to ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur.5 In contrast, 3,5-diphenyl-... 

Shibamoto and Russell (46) heated an aqueous glucose-ammonia-hydrogen sulfide solution at 100° for two hours. Of the 34 major com- ponents identified, 2-methylthiophene accounted for 24.9% of the area of the chromatographic peaks ethyl sulfide, thiophene, furfural, and 2-acetylfuran each accounted for 10-11%, and methyl sulfide and 2,5-di-methylthiophene, 7% each. The reaction mixture as a whole was deemed by sensory panel evaluation to have a cooked beef odor. 

Today s coke plant gas purification processes are mostly carried out under atmospheric pressure, employing a circulated ammonia-based absorbent. The consumption of the external solvent is reduced via the use of ammonia available in the coke gas (138). An example of innovative purification processes is the ammonia hydrogen sulfide circulation scrubbing (ASCS) (Figure 17), in which the ammonia contained in the raw gas dissolves in the NH3 absorber and then the absorbent saturated with the ammonia passes through the H2S absorber to selectively absorb the H2S and HCN components from the coke gas. The next step is the thermal regeneration of the absorbent with the steam in a two-step desorption plant, whereas a part of the deaciditied water is fed back into the H2S absorber (25). 

Figure 17 Ammonia hydrogen sulfide circulation scrubbing process for the coke oven gas purification (right) and H2S absorber (left).

The usefulness of the detector is for those compounds giving low response to the FID, such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, carbon disulfide, hydrogen peroxide, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, and formic acid, which all give apparently good response to the RCD. By changing the catalyst from gold to palladium, saturated hydrocarbons can be detected. 

The PID allows for the detection of aromatics, ketones, aidehydes, esters, amines, organosulfur compounds, and inorganics such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, HI, HC1, chlorine, iodine, and phosphine. The detector will respond to all compounds with ionization potentials within the range of the UV light source, or any compound with ionization potentials of less than 12 eV will respond. 

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