4- Amino-4-methyl- -methylester

The variety of educts and products of the higher MCRs is illustrated here. Product 72 (Scheme 1.18) is formed from the five functional groups of lysine, benzaldehyde, and tert-butylisocyanide. The synthesis of 73 is achieved with hydrazine, furanaldehyde, malonic acid, and the isocyano methylester of acetic acid, compound 74 results from the reaction of benzylamine, 5-methyl-2-furanaldehyde, maleic acid mono-ethylester, and benzylisocyanide. ° Zhu et al. prepared a variety of related products, such as, 75, from (9-amino-methyl cinnamate, heptanal, and a-isocyano a-benzyl acetamides. 

The world-wide production of PA (excluding fibers) in 1997 was 1.6x10 t, with a 75 % use of casting processed materials. For food contact articles the following can be used as starting materials straight chain u -amino acids (C6-C12) and their lactams adipic acids, azelaic acids, sebacic acids, dodecane dicarboxylic acids and heptadecane-dicarboxylic acids salts with hexamethylenediamine isophthalic acid, bis(4-aminocy-clohexyl)-methane, 2,2-bis(4 -aminocyclohexyl)-propane, 3,3 -dimethyl-4,4 -diamino-dicyclohexyl-methane, terephthalic acid or its methylester, l,6-diamino-2,2,4-tri-methylhexane, 1,6-diamino-2,4,4-trimethylhexane, l-amino-3-amino-methyl-3,5,5-tri-methylhexane. 

Sullin Amino-methyl- Ell, 927 (H3C-CS-NH2/H202) Thiocarbamidsaure -S-methylester IX, 837... 

Amino-2,3-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-E21b, 1770 (COOR - COOH) 2-Amino-3-hydroxy-2-methyl- -methylester E2Ib, 1770 (aus einetn 2,5-H2-Pyrazin-Der.) 2-Amino-2-hydroxymethyI-3-methyl-Vl/la, 2, 1331 Carbamidsaure... 

Amino-3-hydroxy-4-methyl- -methylester E21b, 1770 (aus 2,5-H2-pyrazin-Der.)... 

Butansaurc 3-(N-Aziridino-N-methoxy-amino)-3-methyl- -methylester E15/1, 970 (Cl -> Aziridino)... 

Butan 3-Acetoxy-2-diethylamino-E21e, 5371 (En + R2NH/Pd-Kat. Ox/Ac —OH) DL-3-Amino-2-tert.-butyl-3-methyl- -methylester E5, 562 f. [aus 1-(S02 — Cl) — 2-oxo-azetidin]... 

Octen 3,7-Dimethyl-l-(dimethyl-amino-carbonyloxy)- VI/lb, 539 6-Octenssiure 7-Methyl-2-(dimethylamino-methyl)- -methylester E21b, 1909 (H - CH2-NR2)... 

Essigsdure-ethylester (in 2-Methyl-tetrahydrofuran 20°, 15 Min.)68 2,2-Dimethyl-propansiiure-methylester (in THF 20°, 15 Min.)68 12-Hydroxy-dodecansdure-methylester (in 2-Methyl-tetrahydrofuran 22°, 14 Stdn.)69 4-Nitro-benzoesdure-ethytester (in 2-Methyl-tetrahydrofuran 78°, 48 Stdn.)69 6-Amino-peniciUansaure-methylester (22°, 6 Min.)69 Dodecandisaure-dimethylester (22°, 14 Stdn.)69... 

N-Methyl-glycyl)-amino]-benzoe84uie-methylester 14, 358. N-[4-Carb thoxy-phenyl]-glyoniamid 14 1 580. 

The synthesis of 4-carboxy-2-piperidone entailed addition of hydrogen cyanide to dialkyl itaconate, emd reductive cycliza-tion of the resulting dialkyl cyanomethyl succinate to 4-alkoxy-carbonyl-2-piperidone followed by saponification (7). The other member of this group, 4-c u boxy-2-pyrrolldone, was obtained from its methylester which was synthesized via esterification of amino methyl succinic acid (B). The 6,6 dimethyl-4-carboxy-2-plperidone was synthesized by reductive cyclization of methyl 3-methoxy-... 

Nevertheless, one process for synthesis of the low calorie sweetener, Aspartame, which is a methyl ester of a dipeptide, (Asp-Phe-OMe) involves a biocatalytic step. Aspartic acid amino protected by benzyloxycarboi rl group, is reacted with two moles of phenylalanine methylester catalysed by the protease thermolysin. The extra mole of ester makes the dipeptide precipitate and it is later recycled. For details see section 4.6. 

S. 5S>H-Ile-OMe H5C6-CIIa-Br H2C = CH - CH2 - Br 94 87 88 75 (S) (S) (S) -2-Amino-2-benzyl-3-methyl-pent an-saure-methylester (S) -2-Amino-2- (1-methyl-propyl) -4-penlensaure-methyl-esler 1... 

Heistcllung und Anwendung von N,N -Bis-[mcthoxycarhonyl]-sulfurdiimid sind fur das Beispicl von dessen Reaktion mit 2-Methyl-2-buten zu N-(2-Methyl-2-butenyl)-carbamidsaure-methylester (43-52%, bezogen auf die Vorstufe des Diimids) ausfiihrlich beschrieben1 Hydrolyse des Esters ergibt dann J-Amino-2-methyl-2-buten. 

Allylische Nitro-Verbindungen reagieren mit primaren und sekundaren aliphatischen Ami-nen in Acetonitril in Gegenwart von Palladium(0)-Komplexen unter Ersatz der Nitro-Gruppe durch eine Amino-Gruppe. Man erhalt so aus 4-Methyl-4-nitro-5-hexensaure-methylester und Diisopropylamin 6-Diisopropylamino-4-methyl-4-hexensdure-methylester (50%)... 

The chiral cavitands 3.109 have been developed by combining the amino acid residue L-alanine with macrocyclic cavitands (calixarenes - Section 3.14).51 These ammonium ion receptors are able to complex a range of amino acids and their methylester hydrochloride salts, all of which contain an -NH3+ functionality capable of interaction with the carboxylate residues of the host. In general amino acids are bound only very weakly in aqueous solution, while association constants with the chiral methyl esters range from 620 M-1 for L-tryptophan methylester to 110 M-1 for L-alanine methylester. The methylester of glycine is not bound at all. Receptors related to 3.109 with variable four peptide loops arrayed around a central calixarene core have been used to bind to the surfaces of proteins. The... 

Amino-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-IV/ld, 206 (Red. von Cyan-carbonsaureester) Vl/la, 2, 1331 (Hydroxymethylierung) E21b, 1770 (COOR COOH) 2-Amino-3-hydroxy- -methylester (Hydrochlorid) XV/1, 317 Salpetersanre -butylester VI/2, 340... 

N-(l-Amino-butyliden)- -methyl-ester E4, 225 (Cl — COOR + Amidin) N-(l-Amino-2-methyl-propyliden)- -methylester B14, 225 (Cl — COOR + Amidin) Cyclohexan Nitramino- XI/2, 107... 

Acrylsaure 2-Deutero-( )-3-[(ethylthio-carbonyl)-methyl-amino]- -methylester El9d, 187 (sp2-CH -+ C —Li/ + R —OD)... 

Acrylsaure tnms -3-(Ethoxycarbonyl-methyl-amino)-2-lithio- -methylester E19d, 186 (H -> Li)... 

Amino-(2-methyl-propylamino)-methylen]- -methylester-nitril E15/2, 2156 (CC13 NH-R)... 

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