Amines from sulfonic acids

Sodium hydride Reversed nucleosides Amines from sulfonic acid esters Preferential 0-deacylation... 

Amines from thiourethans N-Detosylation s. a. Amines from sulfonic acid amides —, oxidative 20, 562 suppl. 20 —, preferential 16, 367 0-Detosylation of nucleosides 18, 8... 

Sulfuric acid acetic acid Amines from sulfonic acid amides s. 5,28 s. a. P. D. Carpenter and M. Lennon, Chem. Commun. 1973, 664... 

Without additional reagents Amines from sulfonic acid esters Stereospecific prepn. of axial amines... 

Hexamminenickel(II) iodide, 3 194 Hydrates, nomenclature of, 2 264 Hydrazidicarbamide, 4 26 Hydrazine, 1 90 and derivatives, from hydroxyl-amine-O-sulfonic acid, 5 124 derivatives of, by reduction of A -nitrosohydroxylamine-Ar-sulfonates, 6 121 residues, recovery of, 1 92 Hydrazine dihydrochloride, 1 92 Hydrazine urazolate, formation of, in preparation of urazole, 5 53, 54... 

Sulfonamides may be directly synthesized from sulfonic acid salts by treatment with triphenylphosphine ditriflate followed by an amine <2004JA1024>. This procedure, that avoids the generation of sulfonic acids, converts sulfonic acid salt 129 to sulfonamide 130 in 81% yield (Equation 92). Problems associated with the removal of triphenylphosphine oxide by-products can be alleviated by performing the reaction with polystyrene-supported phosphine. 

Sulfonamides can be directly synthesized from sulfonic acid salts by treatment with triphenylphosphine ditriflate followed by an amine <2004JA1024>. 

See. from prim, amines via sulfonic acid amides... 

Nitroso compounds are formed as intermediates in this reaction. Yields from sulfonic acids, carboxylic acids, and nitro compounds, amongst others, are poor,424 but those from tertiary amines and phenols are often very good,423,426 although naphthols give only the nitroso derivatives for example, yields are 70% from A,iV-diethylaniline,423 96% from phenol,426 98% from o- or 7W-cresol,426 95% from chlorophenol,426 and 75-85% from o-hydroxybenzene-sulfonic acid 428 the diazonium group enters para to the NR2 or OH group. 

The synthesis of amines with sulfonic acid groups, 4,4 -bis(4-amino-phenoxy)benzophenone-3,3 -disulfonic acid and 4,4 -bis(4-aminophenyl-thio)benzophenone-3,3 -disulfonic acid starts from 4,4 -dichlorobenzophe-none by sulfonation with sulfuric acid. In the second step, 4-aminophenol is coupled in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate. ... 

Diimide can be conveniently prepared in situ from hydroxylamine and hydroxyl-amine-O-sulfonic acid. - E An aq. soln. of fumaric acid, hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid, and hydroxylamine sulfate slowly neutralized with coned. aq.NaOH, and the product isolated after 2 hrs. -> succinic acid. Y 90%. F. e. s. W. Durck-heimer, A. 721, 240 (1969). 

In order to obtain effective non-covalent bonds, complementary functional groups are usually necessary. Strong hydrogen bonds, for example, can be generated by the use of carboxylic acid and pyridine moeities. Ionic bonds can be created by proton transfer from sulfonic acid to basic amine moieties, or by ion exchange involving sulfonate and ammonium groups. 

Sulfonic acid amides from sulfonic acid hydrazides Amines from hydrazones... 

Sec. from prim, amines and sulfonic acid esters Thiocyanates from sulfonic acid esters... 

Stereospecific reactions alcohols from ethylene derivatives 19, 188 amines, axial, from sulfonic acid esters 19, 418 ethylene derivatives from glycols 19, 962... 

Xanthates and dithiophosphates dominate sulfide flotation usage, though several other collectors including more recently developed ones are gaining acceptance rapidly (43). As of this writing, this is an active area of research. Many of the sulfide collectors were first used ia the mbber iadustry as vulcanizers (16). Fatty acids, amines, and sulfonates dominate the nonsulfide flotation usage. The fatty acids are by-products from natural plant or animal fat sources (see Fats and fatty oils). Similarly petroleum sulfonates are by-products of the wood (qv) pulp (qv) iadustry, and amines are generally fatty amines derived from fatty acids. 

Sodium Bisulfite. Sodium bisulfite [7631-90-5] NaHSO, is occasionally used to perform simultaneous reduction of a nitro group to an amine and the addition of a sulfonic acid group. For example, 4-amino-3-hydroxyl-l-naphthalenesulfonic acid [116-63-2] C qH NO S, is manufactured from 2-naphthol in a process which uses sodium bisulfite (59). The process involves nitrosation of 2-naphthol in aqueous medium, followed by addition of sodium bisulfite and acidification with sulfuric acid. 

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