Amendments Material Regulations

Since SO2 and NO2 are criteria pollutants, their emissions are regulated. In addition, for the purposes of abating acid deposition in the United States, the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments require that nationwide SO2 and NO emissions be reduced by approximately 10 million and 2 million t/yr, respectively, by the year 2000. Reasons for these reductions are based on concerns which include acidification of lakes and streams, acidification of poorly buffered soils, and acid damage to materials. An additional major concern is that acid deposition is contributing to the die-back of forests at high elevations in the eastern United States and in Europe. 

Thiophene and 3-methylthiophene are Hsted on the TSCA chemical substances inventory. Thiophene is regulated as a hazardous material under OSHA and also regulated under the Clean Air Act, Section 110, 40 CFR 60.489, but there are no exposure limits or controls set for 3-methylthiophene. Both materials are regulated under sections 311/312 of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, 1986 (SARA), as materials with an acute health and fire hazard, and under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, as ignitable hazardous wastes (DOOl). 

In addition, restrictions on industrial air emissions under the Clean Air Act (CAA) as amended in 1977, the Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) of 1990, and other state and local statutes and regulations have universal impact on the storage of toxic materials, with direct and significant effects on the design and operation of toxic material storage facilities. Whereas the primary factors which once determined how air emissions from storage tanks were handled were fire protection and loss prevention, in recent years environmental protection concerns nearly always determine the extent and nature of the air emission controls required to be installed. 

Mineral Oil Hydraulic Fluids. Disposal of used mineral oil hydraulic fluids is regulated as used oil under the Solid Waste Disposal Act as amended by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and as amended by the Used Oil Recycling Act (42 U.S.C. 6901, 6905, 6935, 6937-6939, and 6074, see 40 CFR parts 260, 261, 266, 271, and 279). Used mineral oil hydraulic fluids to be recycled are not listed as hazardous wastes and can be burned for energy recovery or recycled. In general, the newer mineral oil hydraulic fluids (including water-in-oil emulsion fluids) do not contain known chemicals or other materials that are listed in 40 CFR 261 (RCRA) and can be burned for energy recovery or recycled. However, this may not apply to some of the older hydraulic fluids, particularly those containing PCBs. 

In 1980 the Consumer Protection Act (15) required manufacturers to take reasonable steps to ensure that fabric -soft infill composites of domestic furniture resisted the cigarette test of BS5852 Part 1. These regulations did not apply to rouchings, trims to seat platforms etc. but only to the primary upholstery composites. The Consumer Protection Amendment of 1983 required specified children s furniture containing cellular materials had to resist Source 5 of BS 5852 Part 2. (16)... 

The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) was enacted in 1976 and was revised substantially by the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendment (HSWA) of 1984 (40 CFR pts. 260-280). The RCRA regulates the management of solid wastes that are hazardous. The definition of solid wastes in these regulations generally encompasses all discarded materials (including solid, liquid, semisolid, and contained gaseous materials) and many secondary materials (e.g., spent solvents, byproducts) that are recycled or reused rather than discarded [3]. Products such as commercial pesticides are not ordinarily solid wastes, but they become solid wastes if and when they are discarded or stored, treated, or transported prior to such disposal. 

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