Amalgam, aluminum calcium

Strontium [7440-24-6] Sr, is in Group 2 (IIA) of the Periodic Table, between calcium and barium. These three elements are called alkaline-earth metals because the chemical properties of the oxides fall between the hydroxides of alkaU metals, ie, sodium and potassium, and the oxides of earth metals, ie, magnesium, aluminum, and iron. Strontium was identified in the 1790s (1). The metal was first produced in 1808 in the form of a mercury amalgam. A few grams of the metal was produced in 1860—1861 by electrolysis of strontium chloride [10476-85-4]. 

Calcium aluminate chloride, phase in Portland cement clinker, 5 472t Calcium aluminate fluoride, phase in Portland cement clinker, 5 472t Calcium aluminoferrite, phase in Portland cement clinker, 5 472t Calcium aluminoferrite hydrate, 5 477t Calcium—aluminum alloys, 4 530 Calcium amalgam, 22 773 Calcium ammonium nitrate, 2 724 Calcium analysis, of water, 26 37 Calcium A zeolite, separation of hydrocarbons by, 16 823 Calcium—barium—silicon alloy, 22 519 Calcium-bearing manganese silicon,... 

Numerous methods for the synthesis of salicyl alcohol exist. These involve the reduction of salicylaldehyde or of salicylic acid and its derivatives. The alcohol can be prepared in almost theoretical yield by the reduction of salicylaldehyde with sodium amalgam, sodium borohydride, or lithium aluminum hydride by catalytic hydrogenation over platinum black or Raney nickel or by hydrogenation over platinum and ferrous chloride in alcohol. The electrolytic reduction of salicylaldehyde in sodium bicarbonate solution at a mercury cathode with carbon dioxide passed into the mixture also yields saligenin. It is formed by the electrolytic reduction at lead electrodes of salicylic acids in aqueous alcoholic solution or sodium salicylate in the presence of boric acid and sodium sulfate. Salicylamide in aqueous alcohol solution acidified with acetic acid is reduced to salicyl alcohol by sodium amalgam in 63% yield. Salicyl alcohol forms along with -hydroxybenzyl alcohol by the action of formaldehyde on phenol in the presence of sodium hydroxide or calcium oxide. High yields of salicyl alcohol from phenol and formaldehyde in the presence of a molar equivalent of ether additives have been reported (60). Phenyl metaborate prepared from phenol and boric acid yields salicyl alcohol after treatment with formaldehyde and hydrolysis (61). 

Twenty-seven grams (1 mole) of aluminum wire or foil which has just been cleaned with emery paper and wiped with a clean cloth (if turnings are employed, it may be necessary to dean, amalgamate, and dry them according to the procedure of Wislicenus)64 66 is placed in a 1-1. round-bottomed flask containing 300 cc. of anhydrous isopropyl alcohol (distilled from calcjum oxide) and 0.5 g. of mercuric chloride. The flask is attached to an efficient reflux condenser, which is protected from moisture by a mercury trap or a calcium chloride drying tube, and the mixture is heated on the steam bath or a hot plate. When the liquid is boiling, 2 cc. of carbon tetrachloride, which is an effective catalyst for the... 

In the synthesis of n-altrose from D-ribose, first effected by Levene and Jacobs, the only crystalline intermediate was the characteristic calcium D-altronate -3.5 H2O. The sirupy lactone prepared from it was then reduced to n-altrose with sodium amalgam, as mentioned earlier in this review. Calcium n-altronate has been obtained from other sources also, such as the aluminum chloride rearrangement of the acetates of lactose, cellobiose and glucose and subsequent transformation of the neolactose, celtrobiose and altrose derivatives thus produced (see Section... 

In the reductive cleavage of y-lactone 17, Naito et al. [17] reported that use of calcium in liquid ammonia at -70 °C enables the production of the desired carboxylic acid 18 as the sole product in 62% yield (Scheme 4.5). Other procedures including use of aluminum amalgam, chromium(II) chloride, and zinc in acetic acid led to complete recovery of the starting y-lactone 17. 

Reducing agents Aluminum hydride. Bis-3-methyl-2-butylborane. n-Butyllithium-Pyridine. Calcium borohydride. Chloroiridic acid. Chromous acetate. Chromous chloride. Chromous sulfate. Copper chromite. Diborane. Diborane-Boron trifluoride. Diborane-Sodium borohydride. Diethyl phosphonate. Diimide. Diisobutylaluminum hydride. Dimethyl sulfide. Hexamethylphosphorous triamide. Iridium tetrachloride. Lead. Lithium alkyla-mines. Lithium aluminum hydride. Lithium aluminum hydride-Aluminum chloride. Lithium-Ammonia. Lithium diisobutylmethylaluminum hydride. Lithium-Diphenyl. Lithium ethylenediamine. Lithium-Hexamethylphosphoric triamide. Lithium hydride. Lithium triethoxyaluminum hydride. Lithium tri-/-butoxyaluminum hydride. Nickel-aluminum alloy. Pyridine-n-Butyllithium. Sodium amalgam. Sodium-Ammonia. Sodium borohydride. Sodium borohydride-BFs, see DDQ. Sodium dihydrobis-(2-methoxyethoxy) aluminate. Sodium hydrosulflte. Sodium telluride. Stannous chloride. Tin-HBr. Tri-n-butyltin hydride. Trimethyl phosphite, see Dinitrogen tetroxide. 

MERCURIO (Italian, Spanish) (7439-97-6) Violent reaction with alkali metals, aluminum, acetylenic compounds, azides, boron phosphodiiodide (vapor explodes), bromine, 3-bromopropyne, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, ethylene oxide, lithium, metals, methyl silane (when shaken in air), nitromethane, peroxyformic acid, potassium, propargyl bromide, rubidium, sodium, sodium carbide. Forms sensitive explosive products with acetylene, ammonia (anhydrous), chlorine, picric acid. Increases the explosive sensitivity of methyl azide. Mixtures with hot sulfuric acid can be explosive. Incompatible with calcium, sodium acetylide, nitric acid. Reacts with copper, silver, and many other metals (except iron), forming amalgams. 

---