Aluminum sheet

ARALL laminates, a family of hybrid composites consisting of aramid fibers bonded with epoxy between 0.3 mm thick aircraft ahoy sheets, were introduced in the 1980s (53). The laminates have lower density than even the new Al—Li ahoys and are greatly superior to monolithic aluminum sheet in resisting the growth of fatigue cracks. ARALL laminates have been specified for aircraft stmcture which is subjected to cycHc tension loads (see Laminates). 

Aluminum Sheet steel, strong rough oxide layer 75 0.80... 

Radiation heat transfer. The radiation heat transfer between two parallel planes is reduced by placing a parallel aluminum sheet in the middle of the gap. The surface temperatures are (9j = 40 °C and 62 = 5 °C, respectively the emissivities are ej = e, = 0.8.5. The emissivity of both sides of the aluminum... 

If aluminum sheet metal is used for this purpose, insulation should be protected by a vapor barrier. 

In safety applications, the corrosion resistance of the duct materials deserv es special consideration. Since material costs generally increase along with corrosion resistance, the selection of material must be determined by the desired life span in the anticipated environment this environment is a function of the characteristics of the chemical being processed and the operating conditions of the reactor. For maximum resistance to moisture or corrosive gases, stainless steel and copper are used where their cost can be justified. Aluminum sheet is used where lighter veight and superior resistance to moisture are needed. 

Use special insulation materials such as foam glass or crimped aluminum sheeting... 

Analysis by thin layer chromatography (TLC) indicates product formation and a small amount of starting material. TLC was performed on Merck Silica gel 60 F-254 coated on aluminum sheets. Product 3 has Rf = 0.44 (elution with 70 30 petroleum ether-ethyl acetate visualization with iodine vapor). 

Krzek et al. [35] reported the qualitative identification and quantitative analysis of the mixtures of OTC, tiamulin, lincomycin, and spectinomycin in the veterinary preparations by using TLC/densitometry. As stationary phase, they used precoated TLC aluminum sheets, and the mobile phases were mixtures of 10% citric acid solution, hexane, ethanol (80 1 1, v/v), and n-butanol, ethanol, chloroform, 25% ammonia (4 5 2 5, v/v). The other application of TLC or HPTLC for analyzing OTC in the various samples is summarized in Table 2 [36]. 

The Smectite Clays. The smectite-type clays are distinctive in that they expand and cause significant destruction to synthetic (human-made) structures. In this type of 2 1 clay, isomorphous substitution occurs in the aluminum sheet. If there is substitution of lower-oxidation-state metal such as magnesium, there will be an unsatisfied pair of bonding electrons in the interior of the crystal and there will be no noticeable change in the surface. Because the charge is in the interior of the crystal, its attraction for cations is diminished by distance. Thus, smectite crystals are not held together strongly by cations and are able to incorporate more water and ions between sheets when the environment is wet and less when it is dry. 

A completely different type of inorganic membrane also has its origin in the nuclear industry the asymmetric alumina membranes obtained by the anodic oxidation of an aluminum sheet were first developed for uranium enrichment... 

Preparative chromatography was performed with thin layer chromatography (TLC) aluminum sheets and 8 2 chloroform/ methanol as mobile phase of a fraction from the 95% EtOH extract of stems of Alstonia macrophylla. This procedure led to the isolation of the compounds sweroside (2 mg) and naresuanoside (3 mg) [128]... 

The outer container for the plastic phosphor and the Nal(Tl) is stainless steel. Aluminum sheet, 0.25 mm. thick, is used on the conjoining surfaces of the two annuli and on the inside walls. Shielding from external radiation is provided by a lead shield 10 cm. thick. 

The two phosphor screens differ in their construction. Since ca. 1970, the input screens have mostly been made by condensing CsI Na+ onto thin aluminum sheets in vacuum. 

Surface radioactivity was determined with an end-window, gas-flow counter equipped with a 100-200 nm thick Formvar window supported by a thin, perforated aluminum sheet as described earlier (12). The counter was calibrated with a spread monolayer of 3H oleic acid, the radioactivity of which was determined also in bulk. 

These types of heat exchangers normally consist of heat-exchange surfaces obtained by stacking alternate layers of corrugated, high-uniformity, die-formed aluminum sheets (fins) between flat aluminum separator plates to form individual flow passages. Each layer is closed at the edge with solid aluminum bars of appropriate shape and size. 

Potentiostat, (typically, Echochemie, Autolab PGSTAT), Schlenk tube x 2, aluminum sheet, mild steel rods, P400 sand paper, anhydrous AICI3, l-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride ([BMIM]C1), toluene, acetone, dichloromethane, HC1, HNO3, H3PO4, acetic acid, isopropanol. 

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