Aluminum performance standards

Effluent Limitations and Performance Standards of the Aluminum Basis Material Subcategory... 

The New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) of the Aluminum Basis Material Subcategory that Establish the Quantity or Quality of Pollutants or Pollutant Properties... 

The EPA regulates aluminum and certain aluminum compounds under the Clean Air Act (CAA). They are not, however, designated as hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). The two stationary source categories for which EPA has promulgated performance standards in an effort to control emissions to the atmosphere are primary and secondary aluminum plants (EPA 1977a, 1982a). 

In contrast to aluminum and titanium structural bonds where performance can be optimized for most aerospace applications, steel bonds are often designed to minimize cost as long as certain performance standards are met [47]. If feasible, many manufacturers prefer to select adhesives or primers that provide adequate strength and durability with untreated steel rather than to prepare the surface for bonding. 

The operation is quite simple One sets the frequency to the lowest value, adjusts the gain and phase to the desired sensitivity using a special calibration standard discussed below and performs a zero-compensation on a defect free zone of the standard. Now one is ready to test. As one slides the probe across the surface of an aluminum structure, a signal response will be indicative of the presence of corrosion or of the presence of a subsurface edge. 

BackTitrations. In the performance of aback titration, a known, but excess quantity of EDTA or other chelon is added, the pH is now properly adjusted, and the excess of the chelon is titrated with a suitable standard metal salt solution. Back titration procedures are especially useful when the metal ion to be determined cannot be kept in solution under the titration conditions or where the reaction of the metal ion with the chelon occurs too slowly to permit a direct titration, as in the titration of chromium(III) with EDTA. Back titration procedures sometimes permit a metal ion to be determined by the use of a metal indicator that is blocked by that ion in a direct titration. Eor example, nickel, cobalt, or aluminum form such stable complexes with Eriochrome Black T that the direct titration would fail. However, if an excess of EDTA is added before the indicator, no blocking occurs in the back titration with a magnesium or zinc salt solution. These metal ion titrants are chosen because they form EDTA complexes of relatively low stability, thereby avoiding the possible titration of EDTA bound by the sample metal ion. 

All reactions and manipulations were carried out under an inert atmosphere (N2 or Ar gas) using the Schlenk technique. Solvents were freshly distilled under an Ar atmosphere using the standard procedures (Na/BC/benzophenone or CaH2). Chromatography was performed on alumina (aluminum oxide, activity Il-IV(Merck art 1097). The H- and C-NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker AC-200 spectrometer ( H, 200 MHz) and Nippon... 

Source U.S. EPA, Development Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards for the Aluminum Forming Point Source Category, Vols. 1 2, U.S. EPA, Washington, DC, 1984 U.S. EVA, Aluminum Forming Point Source Category, 2008. a Treated effluent performance reported for the period 1974—1979. 

A new branched carbazole derivative with phenyl ethylene moieties attached, l,3,5-tris(2-(9-ethylcarbazyl-3)ethylene)benzene (TECEB, 41) (Scheme 3.15), was prepared as a HTM for OLEDs [86], TECEB has a HOMO energy level of —5.2 eV and hole-drift mobility of 1(T 4 cm2/(V s), comparable to NPD. The device performance (maximum luminance of about 10,000 cd/m2 and current efficiency of 3.27 cd/A) in a standard HTL/tris-(8-hydroxyquino-line) aluminum double-layer device is also comparable to NPD, but TECEB has a higher Tg (130°C) and its ease of synthesis is superior to NPD. Distyryl units linked to a TPD derivative, A, A"-bis(4-(2,2-diphenylethenyl)-phenyl)-jY,jV -di(p-tolyl)-bendidine (DPS, 42) (Scheme 3.15), reported by Yamashita and coworkers, showed good hole transport properties and improved thermal stability compared with the parent TPD [87]. 

Examinations shall be performed in accordance with API 1104 or ASME BPV Code Section V, Article 2, referencing ASTM E 390, Standard Reference Radiographs for Steel Fusion Welds, and ASTM E 1648, Standard Reference Radiographs for Examination of Aluminum Fusion Welds. 

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