Aluminum and its Compounds

Oblath, S.B., and J. L. Gole. 1980. On the continuum emissions observed upon oxidation of aluminum and its compounds. Gombustion Flame 37 293-312. 

Facilities That Manufacture or Process Aluminum and Its Compounds... 

Estimated Number of Workers Potentially Exposed to Aluminum and Its Compounds in the Workplace... 

Table 5-1. Releases to the Environment from Facilities that Manufacture or Process Aluminum and Its Compounds... 

The formation of trimethylchlorosilane due to the reduction of the quantity of dimethyldichlorosilane and the absence of trimethylchlorosilane in reactions based on pure silicon seem to testify that trimethylchlorosilane is a product of dimethyldichlorosilane disproportioning, which occurs in the conditions of synthesis under the influence of impurities (first of all, aluminum and its compounds) ... 

Greenwood, N. N., Eamshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed., Chap. 7). Oxford Butterworth-Heinemann. This reference contains a good survey of the chemistry of aluminum and its compounds. 

Spencer PS (2000) Aluminum and its compounds. In Spencer PS, Schaumburg HH and Ludolph AC, eds. Experimental and clinical neurotoxicol-ogy, pp. 142-151, Oxford University Press, New York. 

The human organism can absorb aluminum and its compounds orally via inhaling and, if given in medication containing aluminum, also parenterally. There is no indication of a percutaneous absorption. 

AI2O3 Source of aluminum and its compounds Abrasive Refractory bricks and furnace linings Synthetic sapphires and rubies... 

Aluminum is attacked by salts of more noble metals. In particular, aluminum and its alloys should not be used in contact with mercury [7439-97-6] or mercury compounds. 

Many of the metals used by ancient man— coppei (cuprum, Cu), silver (argentum, Ag), gold (aurum, Au), tin (stannum, Sn), and lead (plumbum, Pb)—are in relatively short supply. Ancient man found deposits of the first three occurring as the elementary metals. These three may also be separated from their ores by relatively simple chemical processes. On the othei hand, aluminum and titanium, though abundant, are much more difficult to prepare from their ores. Fluorine is more abundant in the earth than chlorine but chlorine and its compounds are much more common—they are easier to prepare and easier to handle. However, as the best sources of the elements now common to us become depleted, we will have to turn to the elements that are now little used. 

Ans. The three compounds belong to different nomenclature classes. Aluminum in its compounds always forms 3+ ions, and thus there is no need to state 3+ in the name. Cobalt forms 2+ and 33-ions, and we need to designate which of these exists in this compound. PCI, is a binary nonmctal-nonmetal compound, using a prefix to denote the number of chlorine atoms. 

M. Sugimoto, S. Sakaki, K. Sakanoue, and M.D. Newton, Theory of emission state of tris-8-quinolinolato.aluminum and its related compounds, J. Appl. Phys., 90 6092-6097 (2001). 

The important uses of lithium fluoride are as flux in glasses, vitreous enamels and glazes in soldering and welding aluminum and its prisms in infrared spectrophotometers. The compound also is used for storing solar energy. 

The metal has very little commercial use. In elemental form it is a laser source, a portable x-ray source, and as a dopant in garnets. When added to stainless steel, it improves grain refinement, strength, and other properties. Some other applications, particularly in oxides mixed with other rare earths, are as carbon rods for industrial hghting, in titanate insulated capacitors, and as additives to glass. The radioactive isotope ytterbium-169 is used in portable devices to examine defects in thin steel and aluminum. The metal and its compounds are used in fundamental research. 

If it is true that only the small dissolved part of the added solid is effective, the addition of soluble aluminum and sodium compounds in much smaller quantities... 

During the main manufacturing process it is possible, by using aluminum and sodium compounds, to feed the recycle alcohol more than 1000 times without risking an intolerable deterioration of the color number. 

Because acid-pepsin disease rarely occurs in the absence of gastric acid and pepsin, antacids are highly effective in its overall management. Antacids consist of a mixture of magnesium, aluminum, and calcium compounds. Their efficacy is based on their inherent ability to react with and neutralize gastric acid. Sodium bicarbonate, which may leave the stomach rapidly, can cause alkalosis and sodium retention. Calcium salts may produce hypercalcemia, which can be detrimental in patients with impaired renal function. Aluminum salts may decrease the absorption of tetracyclines and anticholinergic drugs. 

No studies were located regarding hematological effects in animals after acute-duration inhalation exposure to aluminum or its compounds. No hematological effects were observed in Fischer 344 rats or Hartley guinea pigs exposed by inhalation (6 hours/day, 5 days/week) to 6.1 mg Al/m3 as aluminum chlorhydrate for 6-24 months (Steinhagen et al. 1978 Stone et al. 1979). These NOAEL values are recorded in Table 2-1 and plotted in Figure 2-1. 

No reliable studies were located regarding cancer effects in animals following acute- or intermediate-duration inhalation exposure to aluminum or its compounds. An increase in cancer was not observed in male and female Wistar rats exposed via whole-body inhalation to atmospheres containing 2.18-2.45 mg Al/m3 as alumina fibers ( 96% aluminum oxide) for 86 weeks (Pigott et al. 1981). 

No studies were located regarding distribution in humans after dermal exposure to aluminum or its compounds. Elevated levels of aluminum have been observed in the liver, brain, lung, and kidneys of Swiss mice dermally exposed to 0.4 g/day aluminum chloride (0.04 g Al/day) for 20 days during gestation (Anane et al. 1997). Elevated levels of aluminum were also observed in the fetus, providing evidence of transplacental transfer of aluminum. 

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