Aluminium phosphides

When mineral acids are present, aluminium phosphide rapidly converts into phosphine, which can combust or even detonate. When bases are present the phosphine release is slow. 

Aluminium borohydride Aluminium chloride Aluminium chlorate Ammonium tetrachloroaluminate Aluminium fluoride Aluminium trihydroxide Aluminium ammonium sulphate Aluminium potassium sulphate Aluminium nitride Aluminium nitrate Sodium aluminate Aluminium sodium aluminate Aluminium phosphate Aluminium phosphide Aluminium borate Aluminium oxychloride Aluminium fluorosilicate Aluminium magnesium silicate Aluminium sulphate... 

For the laboratory preparation of phosphine, only a few of the many methods of formation are suitable. Among these the hydrolyses of calcium phosphide 8o- 3) jnagnesium phosphide aluminium phosphide zinc phos-... 

Our experience has shown that the hydrolysis of aluminium phosphide with cold water is the most suitable method for the laboratory preparation of phosphine. Here it is important that the aluminium phosphide be as pure as possible in order to avoid the formation of spontaneously inflammable phosphine. The presence of small quantities of diphosphine and also higher phosphines are responsible for this spontaneous inflammability 96.276-278) jj. gp, pears, however, that these are only formed when P—P bonds are already present in the phosphide. Accordingly the hydrolysis of aluminium phosphide, prepared from the elements with phosphorus in slight excess, always leads to spontaneously inflammable phosphine. The formation of diphosphine and higher phosphines from aluminium or alkaline earth metal phosphides, which contain excess phosphorus, can be easily understood when the lattices of these compounds are considered. 

Aluminium phosphide crystallises in a zinc blende lattice Both... 

The hydrolyses of aluminium phosphide with acids or alkalies... 

Diphosphine is formed by the hydrolysis of calcium phosphide 22.424,425, 428,429) gjgQ jy hydrolysis of other phosphides when these contain P—P linkages. Thus, for example, it is reported that the phosphine obtained by the hydrolysis of aluminium phosphide, which has been prepared from the elements with phosphorus in excess, is spontaneously inflammable. This is caused by the diphosphine formed at the same time. When the aluminium phosphide is prepared using stoichiometric or even excess amounts of aluminium, the formation of diphosphine is not observed on hydrolysis. The diphosphine, formed in large quantities by the hydrolysis of calcium phosphide, can be separated from the phosphine and hydrogen evolved simultaneously by cool-... 

Aluminium carbide, 1027 Aluminium phosphide, 0083 Bismuth nitride, 0230 Caesium graphite, 2877 Calcium disilicide, 3938 Calcium phosphide, 3941 Calcium silicide, 3937 Copper diphosphide, 4278 Copper monophosphide, 4277 Copper(II) phosphide, 4284 Dialuminium octavanadium tridecasilicide, 0088 Dicobalt boride, 0128 Ditungsten carbide, 0561 Ferrosilicon, 4384 Hexalithium disilicide, 4684 Iron carbide, 0364... 

Al, Ga and In form tetrahedrally coordinated solids with elements of group 15, which are part of the series of III-V semi-conductor (i.e., groups 13-15). The mixed compounds gallium aluminium phosphides Ga r AljP and the arsenide Gaj r AljAs are used for light-emitting diode (LED) displays and semiconductor lasers. 

Includes aluminium phosphide, zinc phosphide, magnesium phosphide. 

Aluminium Phosphide was made by a reaction between red phosphorus and aluminium powder.13,14 It formed yellow crystals. These materials when heated in an electric furnace yielded A13P and A1P, which were crystalline substances of a metallic appearance.16,16 A13Pj was obtained when phosphorus and aluminium were heated to a white heat in a current of hydrogen. 

Magnesium phosphide,10 aluminium phosphide 11 and phosphides of several other metals also yield phosphine when treated with acids. 

Methods of Preparation—Alkali Phosphides—Alkaline Earth Phosphides— Copper, Silver and Gold Phosphides—Zino Group Phosphides—Boron and Aluminium Phosphides—Titanium Group Phosphides—Tin and Lead Phosphides—Arsenic, Antimony and Bismuth Phosphides—Chromium, Molybdenum and Tungsten Phosphides—Manganese Phosphides—Iron, Cobalt and Niokel Phosphides—Platinum Phosphides. 

As already mentioned, aluminium phosphide finds use as a fumigant thanks to its ability to slowly release PH3. Its effectiveness comes at a price for example, it has been estimated that 10 000 deaths by deliberate ingestion occur per annum in India alone. ... 

Uranous Phosphide, U3P4, is obtained in the form of a black microcrystalline powder by fusing together sodium uranous chloride and aluminium phosphide at 1000° C. in a stream of hydrogen or... 

Of 195 patients hospitalized after aluminium phosphide poisoning (84), 115 died. Death was related to the dose... 

Phostoxin contains aluminium phosphide, which hydroiyses in moist air to produce phosphine. It must be terribly difricult for a tabloid journalist to distinguish between words beginning with the same four letters - especially when they possess more than one syllable. 

---