Alloy mechanical properties

Magnesium casting alloys, mechanical properties of, 15 358-359t Magnesium castings, heat treatment of, 15 357-358. See also Magnesium die castings... 

Oxygen fluorides, 11 830 Oxygen-free copper wrought alloy, mechanical properties, 7 678t... 

Roll discharge systems, with rotary drum vacuum filters, 11 356-357 Rolled lead alloys, mechanical properties of, 14 775t... 

Key words high-strength aluminum alloys, dispersion hardening, quasicrystals, eutectic alloys, mechanical properties... 

Key words Refractory alloys, rhenium effect, Cr-Re alloys, mechanical properties, high temperature, oxidation resistance, thermal shock resistance. 

Ino] Inoue, A., Harakawa, Y., Oguehi, M., Masumoto, T., Metastable MC Phase in Melt-Quenched C-Fe-V and Fe-C-V-(Cr or Mo) Alloys-Mechanical Properties and Powder-Forming Tendency by Comminution , J. Mater. Sci., 21, 1310-1320 (1986) (Crys. Structure, Morphology, Phase Relations, Experimental, Meehan. Prop., 16)... 

Pd-containing alloys mentioned above are solid solution strengthened and their application temperatures are usually limited to below 500°C. In order to establish a base line data for the development of high temperature creep resistant braze alloys, mechanical properties of thin foils of these alloys were evaluated. 82Au-18Ni was annealed at 850°C for 5 hours before tensile tests, whereas all other foils were treated at 900°C. 

Common alloying elements include nickel to improve low temperature mechanical properties chromium, molybdenum, and vanadium to improve elevated-temperature properties and silicon to improve properties at ordinary temperatures. Low alloy steels ate not used where corrosion is a prime factor and are usually considered separately from stainless steels. 

AWS) has issued specifications covering the various filler-metal systems and processes (2), eg, AWS A5.28 which appHes to low alloy steel filler metals for gas-shielded arc welding. A typical specification covers classification of relevant filler metals, chemical composition, mechanical properties, testing procedures, and matters related to manufacture, eg, packaging, identification, and dimensional tolerances. New specifications are issued occasionally, in addition to ca 30 estabUshed specifications. Filler-metal specifications are also issued by the ASME and the Department of Defense (DOD). These specifications are usually similar to the AWS specification, but should be specifically consulted where they apply. 

Dentistry. Most casting alloys meet the composition and properties criteria of specification no. 5 of the American Dental Association (37) which prescribes four types of alloy systems constituted of gold—silver—copper with addition of platinum, palladium, and 2inc. Composition ranges are specified, as are mechanical properties and minimum fusion temperatures. Wrought alloys for plates also may include the same constituents. Similarly, specification no. 7 prescribes nickel and two types of alloys for dental wires with the same alloy constituents (see Dental materials). 

Table 1. Mechanical Properties of Lead—Antimony Alloys ...

Rea.ctivity ofLea.d—Ca.lcium Alloys. Precise control of the calcium content is required to control the grain stmcture, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties of lead—calcium alloys. Calcium reacts readily with air and other elements such as antimony, arsenic, and sulfur to produce oxides or intermetaUic compounds (see Calciumand calciumalloys). In these reactions, calcium is lost and suspended soHds reduce fluidity and castibiUty. The very thin grids that are required for automotive batteries are difficult to cast from lead—calcium alloys. 

Cast lead—calcium—tin alloys usually contain 0.06—0.11 wt % calcium and 0.3 wt % tin. These have excellent fluidity, harden rapidly, have a fine grain stmcture, and are resistant to corrosion. Table 4 Hsts the mechanical properties of cast lead—calcium—tin alloys and other alloys. 

Wrought lead—calcium—tin alloys contain more tin, have higher mechanical strength, exhibit greater stabiUty, and are more creep resistant than the cast alloys. RoUed lead—calcium—tin alloy strip is used to produce automotive battery grids in a continuous process (13). Table 5 Hsts the mechanical properties of roUed lead—calcium—tin alloys, compared with lead—copper and roUed lead—antimony (6 wt %) alloys. 

Wrought lead—calcium—tin anodes have replaced many cast lead—calcium anodes (14). Superior mechanical properties, uniform grain stmcture, low corrosion rates, and lack of casting defects result in increased life for wrought lead—calcium—tin anodes compared to other lead alloy anodes. 

Lead—copper alloys are specified because of superior mechanical properties, creep resistance, corrosion resistance, and high temperature stabiUty compared to pure lead. The mechanical properties of lead—copper alloys are compared to pure lead, and to lead—antimony and lead—calcium alloys in Tables 4 and 5. 

Tia is also used as an ahoyiag element ia lead—antimony alloys to improve fluidity and to prevent drossiag, ia lead—calcium alloys to improve mechanical properties and enhance electrochemical performance, ia lead—arsenic alloys to maintain a stable composition, and as an additive to low melting alloys. 

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