Allergic reactions anaphylaxis

Immunologic Potentially severe (but rare) allergic reactions, anaphylaxis,... 

Albumin has been used to prevent the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) associated with ovulation stimulation. In 98 women albumin had no positive effect on OHSS (3). Because of adverse effects, such as exacerbation of ascites in OHSS, nausea, vomiting, febrile reactions, allergic reactions, anaphylaxis, and the risk of... 

Golden DB Patterns of anaphylaxis acute and late phase features of allergic reactions in Bock G, Goode J (eds) Anaphylaxis. Novartis Found Symp 257. Chichester. Wiley 2004, pp 1-101. 

Capurro N, Levi R The heart as a target organ in systemic allergic reactions comparison of cardiac anaphylaxis in vivo and in vitro. Circ Res 1975 36 520. 

Venoms causing anaphylaxis or other allergic reactions originate almost exclusively from social Hymenoptera, most often honeybees and vespids (fig. 1) [1], occasionally from bumble bees [2], in America [3] and in Australia [4], also from ants. Stings by other insects like mosquitoes, bedbugs, fleas, horse flies and midges can very rarely also cause systemic allergic reactions. These are however not due to venoms but to... 

Other Agents. Allergic reactions to chlorhexidine have been observed after insertion of central catheters impregnated with this antiseptic, or after intraurethral use or topical application [26]. Only rare cases of anaphylaxis following topical use of povidone-iodine have been reported. 

For nearly a century, epinephrine (adrenaline) has been the cornerstone of the acute management of anaphylaxis [1-6], a sudden-onset multi-systemic allergic reaction that can cause death. The World Health Organization lists epinephrine as an essential medication for anaphylaxis [7], Where national guidelines are available for the acute management of anaphylaxis, they universally recommend injection of epinephrine as the initial medication of choice [8]. 

Anaphylaxis is a severe systemic allergic reaction, which can be fatal. Frequently the first symptom is itchy hives (welts) within minutes of exposure. Swelling of the larynx, with constriction of the air passage and a rapid drop in blood pressure quickly follow. Treatment includes immediate removal from exposure, administration of epinephrine, and strict avoidance of reexposure. 

Leukotrienes increase capillary permeability and serve as chemotactic factors for neutrophil granulocytes. As "slow-reacting substances of anaphylaxis," they are involved in allergic reactions (p. 326) together with PG, they evoke the spectrum of characteristic inflammatory symptoms redness, heat, swelling, and pain. 

Unwanted effects. Hypoglycemia results from absolute or relative overdosage (see p. 260). Allergic reactions are rare—locally redness at injection site, atrophy of adipose tissue (lipodystrophy) systemically urticaria, skin rash, anaphylaxis. Insulin resistance can result from binding to inactivating antibodies. A possible local lipohypertrophy can be avoided by alternating injection sites. 

Hypersensitivity reactions Rarely, severe allergic reactions and anaphylaxis have occurred. Most of these occur within several hours after readministration following prior use of the drug. 

Hypersensitivity - Rare serious allergic reactions, including angioedema, anaphylaxis, and dermatologic reactions including Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis have occurred in patients on azithromycin therapy. 

---