Alkyl polyglycosides manufacturers

Special analyses, such as color, viscosity, ash content, dry residue, foam behavior, etc., have to be carried out for quality control purposes. The data are usually provided by the alkyl polyglycoside manufacturers in the technical data sheets [33-36],... 

Alkyl polyglycosides have long been known but only now, following several years research, has it been possible to develop reaction conditions that allow manufacture on a commercial scale. The structure on which these compounds are based corresponds exactly to the surfactant model described above. The hydro-phobic (or lipophilic) hydrocarbon chain is formed by a fatty alcohol (dodecanol/ tetradecanol) obtained from palm kernel oil or coconut oil. The hydrophilic part of the molecule is based on glucose (dextrose) obtained from starch (Fig. 4.14). 

A new industrial process based on the reaction of sodium monochloroacetate with aqueous alkyl polyglycoside (without additional solvents) enables the manufacturing of this product in an economically and ecologically favorable way (Fig. 4.16). 

At the same time, surfactants like alkylbenzene sulfonates remain the most widely used basis for laundry detergents. Anionics remain the main products for making detergent compositions. Some of the application aspects of relatively new types of anionics (a-olefin sulfonates, sulfocarboxylic acids, alkyl phosphates etc.), whose commercial manufacture began in the 60-ties - 70-ties of the 20 century, are described by Stache [95]. The application of conventional types of nonionics like ethoxylated alcohols or alkyl phenols is presented in [13 -14], Alkyl polyglycosides were widely used in the last 5-8 years [96]. However, the main tendency in the development of new generation detergents is the use of surfactant mixtures in their optimum composition [97, 98]. 

Figure 4A.45 Synthesis and manufacturing processes of alkyl polyglycosides. (Figures 4A.44 and 4A.45 adapted from Refs 80,91,130,131.)...

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