Aliphatic hydrocarbons carcinogens

Van Duuren BL, Goldschmidt BM, Loewengart G, et al. 1979. Carcinogenicity of halogenated olefmic and aliphatic hydrocarbons in mice. J Natl Cancer Inst 63 1433-1439. 

Heilman B, Brandt I. 1986. Effects of carcinogenic halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons on [ H] thymidine incorporation into various organs of the mouse A comparison between 1,2-dibromoethane and 1,2-dichloroethane. Mutat Res 163 193-199. 

Roldan-Arjona T, Garcia-Pedrajas MD, Luque-Romero FL, et al. 1991. An association between mutagenicity of the Ara test of saimoneiia typhimurium and carcinogenicity in rodents for 16 halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons. Mutagenesis 6 199-205. 

In 1954, Kotin and co-workers reported the carcinogenicity of atmospheric extracts of Los Angeles air. Subsequently, in 1956, they reported the carcinogenic activity of oxidation products of aliphatic hydrocarbons and, in 1958, of ozonized gasoline. Concurrently, Falk and co-workers (1956) published results... 

Rock, D. (1979) Carcinogenicity of halogenated olefinic and aliphatic hydrocarbons in... 

HMPT is now thought to be a potent carcinogen. It should be handled with extreme care inhalation of the vapour and contact with the skin should be avoided. This solvent is miscible both with water and with many polar and non-polar organic solvents with the exception of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons. It forms a complex with chlorinated solvents by which means it may be removed from aqueous solutions. The solvent may be dried by shaking with calcium hydride or barium oxide followed by distillation under reduced pressure and... 

Noncarcinogenic Effects. These effects are assessed only if the carcinogenic indicator compounds are not detected or are below regulatory criteria. The following petroleum hydrocarbon fractions, minus the carcinogenic indicator compounds, were selected as representing compounds with similar transport properties. Toxicity values for constituents of the fraction or for a similar mixture were selected to represent the toxicity of the fraction. Aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons are considered separately and further subdivided on the basis of equivalent carbon number index (EC). This index is equivalent to the retention time of the compounds on a boiling point GC column (non-polar capillary column), normalized to the //-alkanes. Physical and chemical properties of hydrocarbons that are... 

In addition, leaking tanks at a chemical company are believed to have delivered benzene, methylene chloride (CH2CI2), toluene (C6H5CH3), xylene (C6H4(CH3)2) and aliphatic hydrocarbons (see Section 2.7) to the subsurface water. These toxic (some carcinogenic) chemicals vaporize in the cave atmosphere, collect at traps and then rise into homes in a similar way to petroleum fumes. 

These ideas were applied for comparing aliphatic alcohols, carcinogenic polycyclic benzenoid aromatic hydrocarbons, and binding constants between human corticosteroid binding globulin and a set of 47 steroids. The last set of compounds was also investigated by comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) with comparable results. A similar approach was used by Klopman and Raychaudhury on the basis of the Wiswesser Line Notation system. 

Properties Colorless clear vise, liq. mild odor sol. in most org. soivs., 95% ethanol, acetone, DMSO, ketones, chlorinated hydrocarbons sol. < 1 mg/ml in water insol. in aliphatic hydrocarbons m.w. 430.91 dens. 1.508 g/cm (22.2 C) vapor pressure 10.3 mm Hg (25 C) f.p. 27 C b.p. 236-237 C (5 mm) flash pt. 252 C ref. index 1.5022 Toxicology LD50 (oral, rat) 1850 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 23,700 mg/kg mod. toxic by ing. may cause irritation of skin, respiratory tract cholinesterase inhibitor may cause tremors, convulsions, irritability, hypermotility, diarrhea, enzyme inhibition, change in blood/tissue levels, changes in liver/kidney wt questionable carcinogen experimental teratogen and reproductive effects mutagenic data ... 

Most CAHs damage the kidneys, cause liver parenchyma and have carcinogenic effects. The legislation defines the permissible amounts of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons in food generally as the sum of all the substances listed in Table 12.58. Minimum amounts are for milk 0.001 mg/kg, dairy products and fish (0.002 mg/kg), cheeses and poultry (0.003 mg/kg), potatoes (0.004 mg/kg), spirits (0.005 mg/kg), eggs, flour, butter, lard and fats (0.01 mg/kg). The highest levels are set for decaffeinated coffee (3 mg/kg). 

Note Confirmed human carcinogen Nonpolar, aromatic solvent sweet odor very flammable and toxic confirmed human carcinogen soluble in alcohols, hydrocarbons (aliphatic and aromatic), ether, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide, slightly soluble in water incompatible with some strong acids and oxidants, chlorine trifluoride (zinc in the presence of steam) decomposes at high temperature to form biphenyl. Synonyms cyclohexatriene, benzin, benzol, phenylhydride. These are the most common, although these are many other synonyms. 

SAFETY PROFILE Narcotic in high concentrations. Questionable carcinogen with experimental neoplastigenic data. See also BROMIDES and CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS, ALIPHATIC. Flammable liquid. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Br" can react with oxidizing materials. To fight fire, use water, spray or mist, foam, CO2, dry chemical. 

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