Algins Laminaria

These materials are another polysaccharide. The name derives from its original source, brown algae. The current commercial sources are brown seaweeds such as Laminaria digitata, L. hyperborea, Ascophyllium nodosum and Fucus serratus. Different properties are obtained in alginates from different seaweeds. The sources are rocky coasts in the United States, the United Kingdom, France and Norway. 

Wang G, Lin W, Zhang L, Yan X, Duan D (2004) Programmed cell death in Laminaria japonica (Phaeophyta) tissues infected with alginic acid decomposing bacterium. Prog Nat Sci 14 1064-1068... 

Laminaria angusta Kjellim. L. cichorioides Miyabe. L. japonica Aresch. L. longipedalis Okam. L. religiosa Miyabe. Kun Bu or Hai Dai (thallus) Iodine, potasium, calcium, amino acids, laminarin, laminine, algin.33 Improve thyroid function, correct the malignant vicious cycle effect of iodine deficiency, lower blood pressure. 

Algin or Alginic Acid is a protein of marine algae and is found in many seaweeds. Its principal source of prepn is as a by-product of the extraction of iodine from kelp, principally from Laminaria digitata. It has been used mainly in Japan, for the prepn of films, fabric dressing, and for thickening jellies. Its soln in Na carbonate can be used as a... 

D-Mannuronic acid (36) constitutes the major component of alginic acid, the main polysaccharide of the brown algae, in which L-guluronic acid (37) is also found. The ratio of D-mannuronic acid and L-guluronic acid can vary with the algal species, the type of tissue, and the age of the plant. In the case of Laminaria hyperborea, L-guluronic acid is the major component.130... 

Alginic acid is a polyuronic acid composed of residues of D-mannuronic acid and L-guluronic acid and is obtained chiefly from algae belonging to the Phaeo-phyceae, mainly species of Laminaria. 

Calcium alginate can be obtained from seaweed, mainly species of Laminaria. 

Alginate production by fermentation is technically feasible, but so far has not reached economical significance [2]. Industrially, alginates are only extracted from marine brown seaweeds (alginophytes) such as Macrocystis sp. (giant kelp), Les-sonia sp., Durvillaea sp.. Laminaria sp., and Ecklonia sp. 

Alginate is a gelling polysaccharide found in great abundance as part of the cell wall and intracellular material in the brown seaweeds (Phaeophyceae). Most of the alginate used commercially is obtained from Macrocystis, Laminaria, and Ascophyllum [137]. Recently, Azotobacter vinelandii, a nitrogen-fixing bacterium... 

Details of the methods used by the alginate-producing firms in Great Britain, France, and Norway have not been published, although it is known that cast Laminaria cloustoni or L. digitata, and to a lesser extent fresh Ascophyllum nodosum, are the starting materials most frequently used, and that in each case Stanford s process, or a modification thereof, is employed. 

Algins/alginic acid Laminaria digitata, Laminaria hyperborea... 

Carrageenans Red seaweeds (Eucheutna, Chondrus, Hypnea, Gigartina) Alginate Brown seaweeds (Macrocystis, Laminaria, Ascophyllum)... 

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