Kelp, giant

W. J. North, ed.. The Biology of Giant Kelp Beds (Macroystis) in California, Cramer, Lehre, Germany, 1971, p. 12. 

Giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera 2.0 mg/L Diatom, Navicula pelliculosa Photosynthesis inhibited 50% 4... 

Giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera Duckweed 277 50% inhibition of photosynthetic activity in 4 days 70... 

Wheeler, W. N. (1980). Effect of boundary-layer transport on the fixation of carbon by the giant-kelp Macrocystis pyrifera, Mar. Biol., 56, 103-110. 

California emission standards, 10 32, 57 California giant kelp, common and scientific names, 3 188t California hazardous materials... 

Goodwin KD, North WJ, Lidstrom ME (1997) Production of Bromoform and Dibromo-methane by Giant Kelp Factors Affecting Release and Comparison to Anthropogenic Bromine Sources. Limnol Oceanogr 42 1725... 

The seaweeds known as kelps and giant kelps (Laminariales) are built in such a way that they produce detritus more or less continuously. All are divisible into holdfast, stipe and blade (Fig. 7) and the blades normally have a growth zone at the base and a zone of erosion near the tip. They have been likened (Mann, 1972b) to "moving belts of tissue". Growth at the base compensates for erosion at the tip, and in the process large amounts of detritus, both particulate and dissolved, are released into the water. This detritus is readily colonized by bacteria (Laycock, 1974) and appears to be less resistant to digestion by animals than the detritus derived from vascular plants. 

Bray, R.N., Purcell, L.J. and Miller, A.C. (1986). Ammonium excretion in a temperate reef community by a planktivorous fish, Chtomis punctipinnis (Pomacentridae), and potential uptake by young giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera (Laminariales). Marine Biology 90,327-334. 

Anderson, E.K. and North, W.J., In situ studies of spore production and dispersal in the giant kelp... 

Dixon, J., Schroeter, S., and Kastandiek, J., Effects of the encrusting bryozoan, Membranipora membranacea, on the loss of blades and fronds of the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera, J. Phycol., 7, 341, 1981. 

Seaweed e.g. Macrocystis pyrifera (giant kelp, brown alga) (Phaeophyceae)... 

Graham, M. (2004). Effects of local deforestation on the diversity and structure of Southern California giant kelp forest food webs. Ecosystems 7, 341—357. 

Manley, S. L., and Dastoor, M. N. (1987). Methyl halide (CH3A) production from the giant kelp, macrocystis, and estimates of global CH3X production by kelp. Limnol. Oceanogr. 32, 709—715. 

Chloromethane (CH3CI) is produced by giant kelp and algae and also found in emissions from volcanoes such as Hawaii s Kilauea. Almost all of the atmospheric chloromethane results from these natural sources. 

Goodwin K. D., North W. J., and Lidstrom M. E. (1997) Production of bromoform and dibromomethane by Giant Kelp factors affecting release and comparison to anthropogenic bromine sources. Limnol. Oceanogr. 42, 1725-1734. 

In this study, we do not evaluate bioenergy potential from pasture, other land (such as desert, tundra, and residential area), and the water (the sea and fresh water) numerically. The reasons are as follows. (1) The great portion of biomass production (except feed use) in pasture area must be reserved for natural fertilizer in the own area [3j. (2) The productivity of biomass on other land is small. (3) Fishery catch has already hit the ceiling [9], (4) It is considered that bioenergy production from the water (such as giant kelp) is diflicult by the reason of the high costs [10]. 

Alginates are found primarily in brown seaweeds in amounts of 18—40% by weight of the plant. The majority is extracellular, being located between the cells [94]. One of the major species of seaweeds that contains alginates is the giant kelp, Macrocyctis pyrifera. It grows along the California coast of the US, the northwestern and southwestern coasts of South America, and the southeastern coasts of Australia and New Zealand [95]. 

Thomas, David. Seaweeds. Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Museum Press, 2002. Illustrates and describes seaweeds from microscopic forms to giant kelps, explaining how they live, what they look like, and why humans value them. 

Aquatic crops. A wide variety of aquatic biomass resources exist, such as algae, giant kelp, other seaweed, and marine microflora. Commercial examples include giant kelp extracts for thickeners and food additives, algal dyes, and novel biocatalysts for use in bioprocessing under extreme environments. 

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