Algae bacteria interaction

Allelopathy is defined as biochemical interactions between one plant or microorganism (alga, bacteria, or virus) and another plant through the production of chemical compounds - secondary metabolites (allelochemicals), which influence, direct or indirect, harmful or beneficial, plant growth and development (Rice 1984). Allelochemicals are present in almost all plants and in many tissues, like leaves, stems, flowers, fruits, seeds, roots, or pollen and may be released from plants into the environment by volatilization, leaching, root exudation, and decomposition of plant residues (Chou 1990). 

Allelopathy is characteristic of certain plants, algae, bacteria, coral, and fungi. Allelopathic interactions are an important factor in determining species distribution... 

Fluvial biofilms (also known as phytobenthos or periphyton) are attached communities consisting of bacteria, algae and fungi embedded within a polysaccharide matrix [20]. In rivers, these communities are the first to interact with... 

Cyanide is usually found in compounds (substances formed by joining two or more chemicals). Cyanide can interact with metals and other organic compounds (compounds that include carbon). Sodium cyanide and potassium cyanide are examples of simple cyanide compounds. Cyanide can be produced by certain bacteria, fungi, and algae, and is found in a number of foods and plants. In your body, cyanide can combine with a chemical (hydroxocobalamin) to form vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin). In certain plant foods, including almonds, millet sprouts, lima beans, soy,... 

FIGURE i Diagrammatic representation of the structure and function of bacterial biofilms. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is sorbed onto the biofilm (1), additional DOM is released from algae and organic particles (2). The organic matter is cleaved by extracellular enzymes (3). Interactions can occur between clones of syntrophic or competing bacteria (4). See Section II for details. 

Non-enzymatic attack In non-enzymatic attack of minerals by microbes, reactive products of microbial metabolism come into play. The microbial enzymes responsible for metabolic product formation are located below the cell envelope, in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes (Bacteria and Archaea) and in cell organelles and/or the cytoplasm of eukaryotes (e.g. fungi, algae, lichens). In these instances of microbial attack, physical contact of the microbial cells with the surface of a mineral being attacked is not essential. The reactive metabolic products are formed intracellularly and are then excreted into the bulk phase where they are able to interact chemically, i.e. non-enzymatically, with a susceptible mineral. Depending on the type of metabolic product and mineral, the interaction with the mineral may result in mineral dissolution or mineral diagenesis by oxidation or reduction or acid or base attack. Mineral dissolution or diagenesis may also be the result of complexation by a microbial metabolic product with that capacity. In some instances mineral attack may involve a combination of some of these reactions. 

Doucette, G. (1995). Interactions between bacteria and harmful algae A review. Nat. Toxins 3, 65—74. 

---