Alcohol, polychlorinated aromatic

Dicofol or l,l-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethanol is a polychlorinated aromatic alcohol. It has an empirical formula of C14H9C150 and a molecular weight of 370.51. The technical material contains at least 70% of the p,p isomer and about 18% of the o,p isomer. A contaminant has been identified (1) in which the hydroxyl group has been replaced by a chlorine atom. Dicofol is insoluble in water but very soluble in aromatic and aliphatic solvents. It is incompatible with highly alkaline materials. On exposure to UV radiation at 2537 A, it breaks down into the corresponding phenone, and it is also degraded by thermal sterilization. 

Monochloro, monofluoro, aliphatic alcohols, ketones Dichlori, difluoro, monobromo derivatives Trichloro, anhydrides Monoiodo, dibromo, nitro derivatives Diiodo, tribromo, polychlorinated aromatics... 

The quantitative environmental analysis of surfactants, such as alcohol ethoxylates, alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEOs) and linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LASs), is complicated by the presence of a multitude of isomers and oligomers in the source mixtures (see Chapter 2). This issue bears many similarities to the quantitation problems that have occurred with halogenated aromatic compound mixtures, e.g. polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) [1]. 

Pharamaceuticals Biochemicals Food products Industrial chemicals Pollutants Forensic chemistry Clinical medicine Antibiotics, sedatives, steroids, analgesics Amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids Artificial sweeteners, antioxidants, aflatoxins, additives Condensed aromatics, surfactants, propellants, dyes Pesticides, herbicides, phenols, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) Dmgs. poisons, blood alcohol, narcotics Bile acids, drug metabolites, urine extracts, estrogens... 

Preliminary results on the development of a eomprehensive approaeh for the assessment of the inputs, fates and effeets of urban wastewaters in eoastal areas are reported. These inelude a eommon analytieal proeedure for the determination of characteristic anthropogenic compounds, namely linear alkylhenzenes (LRBs), linear alkylbenzenesulphonates (LRSs), alkylphenolethoxylates (APEO), alkylphosphates (APs) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and steroidal alcohols (coprostanol), in the dissolved and partieulate water phases and sediments. The decoupling of these eontaminants among the eompartments ean be interpreted in terms of their physicochemical properties and the equilibrium eonditions of the system. 

Figure 2.73 Organic compounds solubility in water vs. their octanol-water partition coefficient. 1-alcohols 2-ketones 3-esters 4-ethers 5-haloalkyls 6-alkines 7-alkenes 8-aromatics 9-alkanes 10-organophosphates 11-polychlorinated diphenyls (PCB) and DDT. (Chiou et al, 1982).

Selected organic contaminants covering a wide range of partitioning properties, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs), chemicals from the BTEX group, light aldehydes (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde), and acetone... 

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