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Alanine aminotransferase transaminase

Interferon beta 1a (Rebif) 44 meg SQ Three times per week Flu-like symptoms 28% Injection site reactions 66% Leukopenia 22% Increased aspartate aminotransferase/ alanine transaminase 1 7-27%... [Pg.437]

Interferon beta 1b (Betaseron) 0.25 mg SQ Every other day Flu-like symptoms 60-76% Injection site reactions 50-85% Asthenia 49% Menstrual disorder 1 7% Leukopenia 1 0-1 6% Increased aspartate aminotransferase/ alanine transaminase 4-1 9%... [Pg.437]

The aminotransferases, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase, are enzymes that have increased concentrations in plasma following hepatocellular injury. The highest concentrations are seen in acute viral infections, or ischemic or toxic liver injury. [Pg.254]

As examples, two enzymes that will be discussed again later in this chapter are alanine transaminase (alanine aminotransferase) and aspartate transaminase (aspartate aminotransferase). In both cases, the amino group is transferred to 2-oxoglutarate (also known as a-ketoglutarate), which is oxoacid, above, forming glutamate as amino acid2. For example, the alanine transaminase (ALT) reaction is ... [Pg.174]

This enzyme [EC 2.6.1.2], also known as glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and glutamic-alanine transaminase, catalyzes the pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent reaction of alanine with 2-ketoglutarate, resulting on the production of pyruvate and glutamate. 2-Aminobutanoate will also react, albeit slowly. There is another alanine aminotransferase [EC 2.6.1.12], better known as alanine-oxo-acid aminotransferase, which catalyzes the pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent reaction of alanine and a 2-keto acid to generate pyruvate and an amino acid. See also Alanine Glyoxylate Aminotransferase... [Pg.41]

ALT alanine transaminase alanine aminotransferase previously known as SGPT (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase). [Pg.409]

The enzymes that catalyze these reactions are called transaminases (aminotransferases) and in mammals are found predominantly in the liver. For example, aspartate transaminase catalyzes the transfer of the amino group of aspartate to a-ketoglutarate (Fig. 3a), while alanine transaminase catalyzes the transfer of the amino group of alanine to a-ketoglutarate (Fig. 3b). [Pg.376]

Glucocorticoids also increase the activity of transaminases (aminotransferases), especially in the skeletal muscle. Aminotransferases serve to transfer the amino groups from amino acids to be metabolized to a-keto acids, especially pyruvate. In the latter case, the alanine thus formed is transported from the muscle into the bloodstream and extracted from there by the liver. In the liver, alanine is converted to glucose, and glucose may then return to the muscle as it does in the Cori cycle (Figure 18.4). This is the alanine cycle, and more about this is discussed in Chapter 20. Branched-chain amino acids are the principal donors of nitrogen to pyruvate in the muscle and are thus important actors in the alanine cycle. [Pg.475]

Child-Pugh clinical classification scheme (Table 7.5). Serum albumin concentrations were of greatest predictive value for two of the drugs shown in the table. However, this marker was not correlated with the hepatic clearance of lansoprazole, and a combination of all three laboratory tests was better correlated with hepatic clearance of atorvastatin than was serum albumin alone. Serum concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine transaminase (ALT) were not correlated with hepatic drug clearance, as might be expected from the fact that these enzymes reflect hepatocellular damage rather than hepatocellular function. [Pg.81]

Several enzymes which perform reactions at the a-carbon of amino acids are also known to catalyze an apparently unrelated exchange of the j8-hydrogens of their substrates. This capability renders glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (alanine aminotransferase) susceptible to inhibition by propargylglycine (Marcotte and Walsh, 1975), presumably by the mechanism described above. Alanine transaminase is inactivated by /3-cyano-L-alanine in an analogous manner, although... [Pg.228]

Pyridoxamine phosphate serves as a coenzyme of transaminases, e.g., lysyl oxidase (collagen biosynthesis), serine hydroxymethyl transferase (Cl-metabolism), S-aminolevulinate synthase (porphyrin biosynthesis), glycogen phosphoiylase (mobilization of glycogen), aspartate aminotransferase (transamination), alanine aminotransferase (transamination), kynureninase (biosynthesis of niacin), glutamate decarboxylase (biosynthesis of GABA), tyrosine decarboxylase (biosynthesis of tyramine), serine dehydratase ((3-elimination), cystathionine 3-synthase (metabolism of methionine), and cystathionine y-lyase (y-elimination). [Pg.1290]

When administering tacrine, the nurse must monitor the patient for liver damage. This is best accomplished by monitoring alanine aminotransferase (AIT) levels. ALT is an enzyme found predominately in the liver. Disease or injury to the liver causes a release of tiiis enzyme into the bloodstream, resulting in elevated ALT levels, hi patients taking tacrine, ALT levels should be obtained weekly from at least week 4 to week 16 after die initiation of tiierapy. After week 16, transaminase levels are monitored every 3 months. [Pg.308]

Aminotransferase (transaminase) reactions form pymvate from alanine, oxaloacetate from aspartate, and a-ketoglutarate from glutamate. Because these reactions are reversible, the cycle also serves as a source of carbon skeletons for the synthesis of these amino acids. Other amino acids contribute to gluconeogenesis because their carbon skeletons give rise to citric acid cycle... [Pg.133]

Hepatocellular damage manifests as elevated serum aminotransferases [alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)]. The degree of transaminase elevation does not correlate with the remaining functional metabolic capacity of the liver. An AST level two-fold higher than ALT is indicative of alcoholic liver damage. [Pg.328]

Glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), now frequently referred to as alanine aminotransferase (ALT)... [Pg.803]

ALT = alanine aminotransferase (newer name) GPT - glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (older name) AST = aspaitate aminotransferase (newer name) GOT = glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (older name)... [Pg.243]

The reactions are catalysed by enzymes known as aminotransferases (formerly known as transaminases). For the above reactions, they are (i) aspartate aminotransferase, (ii) alanine aminotransferase and (iii) leucine aminotransferase. Details of these reactions can be found in Appendix 8.4. [Pg.161]

Aminotransferases have received many names as fashions in nomenclature have changed. Two obsolete names are still used in chnical practice glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (abbreviated to GOT) is now aspartate aminotransferase, and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) is now alanine aminotransferase. The new abbreviations are AST and ALT, respectively. [Pg.161]

This enzyme [EC 2.6.1.21], also known as D-aspartate aminotransferase, D-amino acid aminotransferase, and D-amino acid transaminase, catalyzes the reversible pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent reaction of D-alanine with a-ketoglutarate to yield pyruvate and D-glutamate. The enzyme will also utilize as substrates the D-stereoisomers of leucine, aspartate, glutamate, aminobutyrate, norva-hne, and asparagine. See o-Amino Acid Aminotransferase... [Pg.41]

Hepatotoxicity. Duloxetine is rarely associated with increases in serum transaminase levels, typically in the first 2 months of treatment. In controlled trials in major depressive disorder, elevations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) to greater than three times the upper limit of normal occurred in 0.9% (8 of 930) of the duloxetine-treated patients and in 0.3% (2 of 652) of the placebo-treated patients. Current product labeling contains a caution regarding the use of duloxetine in patients with significant alcohol use or chronic liver disease. Postmarketing reports have indicated that increases in transaminases have occurred in some patients with chronic liver disease (Cymbalta 2005). [Pg.33]

Reaction (20.12) is catalyzed by glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT), also known as alanine aminotransferase, and Equation (20.13) is catalyzed by glutamate dehydrogenase. Note that these reactions are completely reversible. The reverse of deamination, for example, if one wanted to synthesize alanine from ammonia and pyruvate, is amination. [Pg.551]


See other pages where Alanine aminotransferase transaminase is mentioned: [Pg.241]    [Pg.947]    [Pg.214]    [Pg.1347]    [Pg.177]    [Pg.201]    [Pg.45]    [Pg.246]    [Pg.69]    [Pg.103]    [Pg.315]    [Pg.40]    [Pg.210]    [Pg.62]    [Pg.554]    [Pg.664]    [Pg.248]    [Pg.753]    [Pg.161]    [Pg.95]    [Pg.42]    [Pg.121]    [Pg.101]    [Pg.686]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.241 ]




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Alanin aminotransferase

Alanine aminotransferase

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT)

Aminotransferases

Aminotransferases alanine aminotransferase

Glutamate-pyruvate transaminase alanine aminotransferase)

Transaminases

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