Aging biochemical characteristics

In northern seas, fish such as herring, cod, haddock and flounder show intraspecies population differences in life span, structure, age at maturity and various physiological and biochemical characteristics (Shatunovsky, 1963, 1970 Love, 1970,1980 Storozhuk, 1971 Lapin, 1973). In contrast, fish from the Black, Azov and Mediterranean Seas have shorter life spans and display less distinct intraspecifc differences. Moreover, within one sea population, fish of one species do not differ much in age structure, fecundity or spawning character. The most pronounced difference in the latter group of species is the rate of lipid accumulation in sprat from different sites in the Black Sea and anchovy in the Azov Sea (Shulman, 1972b). Comparison of anchovy from the Azov, Black and Mediterranean Seas shows more marked differences in the levels of accumulated lipid and the growth rate (Chapter 2). 

W9. Winsnes, A., Age and sex dependent variability of the activation characteristics of UDP-glucuronyltransferase in vitro. Biochem. Pharmacol. 20, 1249-1258 (1971). 

The common root represents LUCA, the Last Universal Common Ancestor of bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes. Notice that the Archaea are intermediate between the Bacteria and Eucarya, as inferred from many of their detailed morphological and biochemical properties, as well as their ribosomal RNA sequences. The boxed dates indicate the minimum age of selected branches, based on fossil evidence and biochemical fingerprints, such as the characteristic membrane steroids found by Jochen Brocks and his colleagues in the shales underlying the Hammersley iron formation in Australia. Adapted with permission from Andrew Knoll and Science. 

Changes in the Body and Texture of Cheese as a Result of Aging. Alterations in the physical (functional) properties of the caseins occur during the development of the desirable smooth texture of cheese from the rubbery, elastic curd as a result of aging. The development of desirable textural characteristics of aged cheese is the result of very complex biochemical processes which are incompletely understood at this time. 

The investigation of a disease begins with a description of its occurrence in a population. The basic information required is the time (day, month, season or year) of onset of the disease, place (country, city, urban or rural residence) and various personal characteristics such as age, sex, race, ethnic group, educational background, socioeconomic status, occupation, biological characteristics such as biochemical levels and cellular constituents of blood, and personal living habits such as tobacco usage, alcohol consumption and diet. 

Of other applications in biochemical research, the investigation of characteristic changes in the separation profiles of proteins from eye lenses of mouse during ageing and the study on interactions of proteins with detergents " and pharmaceuticals " are worth mentioning. 

In Summerfelt RC, Hall GE (eds) Age and growth of fish. Iowa State Univ Press, Ames Aoyagi Y, Tasaki I, Okumura J-I, Muramatsu T (1988) Energy cost of whole-body protein synthesis measured in vivo in chicks. Comp Biochem Physiol 91A 765-768 Ashford AJ, Pain VM (1986) Effects of diabetes on the rates of synthesis and degradation of ribosomes in rat muscle and liver in vivo. J Biol Chem 261 4059-4065 Bates PC, Millward DJ (1981) Characteristics of skeletal muscle growth and protein turnover in a fast-growing rat strain. Br J Nutr 46 7-13... 

Data from 165 hepatitis B-related cirrhotic patients, who had received either telbivudine 600mg/day or 3TC lOOmg/day for 48 weeks, were matched for age, gender and disease characteristics, and demonstrated similar adverse event frequencies [107 ]. Myopathy and moderately elevated CK levels were reported in two patients in the telbivudine arm, which resolved both symptomatically (after 9-12 months) and biochemically (within 1 month) on cessation of treatment. 

The primary cause of rickets and osteomalacia is vitamin D deficiency and the clinical characteristics of these diseases depend on age at onset. The biochemical patterns of too low a serum concentration of 25(0H)D3, however, remain quite similar (Table 2) even though the structural effects on the skeleton differ. One common microscopic feature of the skeleton is that both rickets and osteomalacia... 

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