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Adult food requirements

Depending on age, adult men require 1.3-1.7 mg/day and adult women 1.3-1.5 mg/day. Women who are pregnant or lactating require 1.9-2.0 mg/day. Deficiency of vitamin Be in the developed world is rare as many foods are good... [Pg.202]

The recommended ratio of phosphorus to calcium is 1 1, except in infants it is 2 1. For older infants, the recommended intake of phosphorus is increased to 80% of the calcium requirement, so that the ratio is similar to cow s milk (Harper 1969). Both phosphorus and calcium are distributed similarly in foods, hence a sufficient intake of calcium ensures a sufficient intake of phosphorus. The exception is cows milk, which contains more phosphorus than calcium (Harper 1969). The adult daily requirement for phosphorus is about 700 mg. A balanced diet provides sufficient amounts of phosphorus because it is commonly found in foods (phosphoproteins and phospholipids, inorganic phosphate), especially milk and milk products, wheat, meats and fish (Latner 1975). In the body, normal serum (inorganic) phosphorus levels are 4-7 mg/100 mL in children and 3-4.5 mg/100 mL in adults and the elderly. In body fluids and tissues, normal serum phosphorus levels found are 40, 170-250, 360, and 22,600 mg/100 mL in blood, muscle, nerve, and both bones and teeth, respectively (Harper 1969 Tietz 1970). [Pg.115]

Vitamin C cannot be synthesized in the human body and must be obtained from the diet (e.g., citrus fruits, broccoli, turnip greens, sweet peppers, tomatoes) or by taking synthetic vitamin C (e.g., vitamin C tablets, high-C drinks, and other vitamin C-fortified commercial foods). The minimum recommended adult daily requirement of vitamin C to prevent scurvy is 60 mg. Some people, among them the late Linus Pauling, twice Nobel Laureate, suggested that very large daily doses (250 to 10,000 mg) of vitamin C could help prevent the common cold, or at least lessen the symptoms for many individuals. No reliable medical data support this claim. At present, the human quantitative requirement for vitamin C is still controversial and requires further research. [Pg.507]

The tools for nutritional assessment include medical history and screening aides, physical examination and anthropometric measurements, biochemical assessment, and tests of immune function. A general health assessment and medical history are required to rule out causes of secondary malnutrition such as poor oral health, chronic illness, disease, and medication. Malnutrition is influenced by lifestyle, which includes alcohol usage in adults, food preference, eating habits, social interactions, and economic status. Various screening tools, such as the DETERMINE checklist (White et al., 1991), are available to assess the risk of malnutrition. [Pg.257]

RDA. Abbreviation for recommended dietary allowances of food requirements, including proteins, vitamins and minerals for infants, children, and adults, established by the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academy of Sciences—National Research Council. They are revised periodically, particularly in reference to certain vitamins (C, BE, and E) and proteins. [Pg.1075]

On average, an adult human requires -6000 kJ per day to maintain basal levels of activity. Given the AH values at 37°C of the compounds shown below as representative of the three major nutrient classes, how much of each of these nutrients would need to be consumed per day to maintain basal levels of activity, assuming that all food is ultimately burned to produce heat ... [Pg.61]

The average amount of ascorbic acid (per 2500 kcal energy value) for the 110 natural foods in Table 1 is 2300 mg. According to the foregoing argument, this amount is less than the optimum daily requirement of an adult animal requiring 2500 kcal of food energy. [Pg.551]

In evaluating food requirements in infancy, one must consider that the infant s enzymic arsenal is not equivalent to that of the adult. We have already mentioned that in guinea pigs and rats, glucose-6-phospha-tase is practically nonexistent until shortly before term, but after term it rises rapidly. In humans, phenylalanine hydroxylase is absent from liver until several weeks after term. If the formation of the enzyme molecules is completely inhibited because of a genetic defect, an inborn error of metabolism develops. In rats, tyrosine transaminase increases immediately after birth and reaches a maximum 12 hours after birth. [Pg.250]

Sodium Intake. Where salt is readily available, most of the world s population chooses to consume about 6,000—11,000 mg of salt or sodium chloride a day so that average daily sodium intake from all sources is 3,450 mg (8,770 mg NaCl) (13). The U.S. EDA s GRAS review puts the amount of naturally occurring sodium in the American diet at 1000—1500 mg/d, equivalent to the amount of sodium in approximately 2500—3800 mg NaCl. Thus the average daily intake of NaCl from food-grade salt used in food processing (qv) and from salt added in cooking or at the table is from 4960—6230 mg NaCl. The requirement for salt in the diet has not been precisely estabUshed, but the safe and adequate intake for adults is reported as 1875—5625 mg (14). The National Academy of Sciences recommends that Americans consume a minimum of 500 mg/d of sodium (1250 mg/d salt) (6,15). [Pg.185]

The amount of foHc acid required for daily iatake is estimated based oa the minimum amouat required to maintain a certaia level of semm folate. The recommeaded dietary allowance (RDA) for foHc acid accounts for daily losses and makes allowances for variation ia iadividual aeeds and bioavailabiUty from food sources (85). The U.S. recommended daily allowance for adults is 400 p.g and for pregnant women is 800 ]1 (Table 4). [Pg.42]

Table 4.2 Food additives requiring further attention for adults or children following budget method screening10... [Pg.69]

Human adult needs for this vitamin (vitamins) are not established quantitatively. Most human studies have involved preventing or curing rickets in infants or children, and the recommended daily allowance of the Food and Nutrition Board is 400 units. Even among "normal" children, however, there is evidence of variation in vitamin D needs. According to Spies and Butt,38 "The activated milk does not exhibit sufficient potency in vitamin D for the prevention of rickets in cases in which a susceptibility exists" (italics added). They note that "susceptible" children may require 5,000 to 10,000 units daily. [Pg.192]

Water is the most important essential inorganic nutrient in the diet. In adults, the body has a daily requirement of 2-3 L of water, which is supplied from drinks, water contained in solid foods, and from the oxidation water produced in the respiratory chain (see p. 140). The special role of water for living processes is discussed in more detail elsewhere (see p. 26). [Pg.362]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.14 ]




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Adults

Food requirements

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