4- ADPA

B. W. Je2ek, "Suppressive Shielding for Ha2ardous Munitions Production Operations" in Symposium on Processing Propellants, Explosives, and Ingredients, American Defense Preparedness Association (ADPA), Washington, D.C., 1977. 

N. A. Shapka, ed.. Wastewater Treatment in the Militay Explosives and Propellant Production Industy, Report NC-02T, 3 Vols., ADPA, Washington, D.C., 1975. 

J. C. Dacons and E. E. Kilmer, "HNS Specifications", paper presented 2it Annual Meeting of the Pyrotechnics and Explosives Application Section, ADPA, Washington, D.C., 1976. 

J. R. Wanninger and E. Kleinschmidt, "Pressed Plastic Bonded Charges," in Proceedings of Joint International Symposia on Compatibility of Plastics and Other Materials with Explosives, Propellants and Pyrotechnics, ADPA, New Orleans, La., Apr. 1985. 

J. MaiUette and co-workers, "Pressure Wave Generation in Three Inch/50 Gun," in Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Ballistics, American Defense Preparedness Association, (ADPA), San Diego, Calif., 1987. 

In the absence of dyes, APA- and AdPA-grafted silica bind La(III) with, respectively, 0.20 and 0.27 mmol/g sorption capacity, resulting in formation of 1 2 (La L) complexes. 50% of introduced cation is bonded at pH=5 (APA), pH=6.1 (AdPA) and complete adsorption occurs at pH=6 (APA), pH=6.5 (AdPA). The grafted support in absence of La adsorbs the chosen dyes at pH<4 due to the electrostatic interaction with the -NH, groups on the surface, present as a result of grafting procedure. The adsorption of dyes at pH>4 is insignificant. 

In the complex system containing APA (AdPA), La(III), and dye (either Ars-I or XO), strong adsorption of dye and La occurs at pH 6-8. Analysis of UV-Vis of prepared solids shows formation of MLC. Their composition, UV-Vis adsorption maxima ()i, mn) and the shifts relatively to the monoligand La-dye complexes in solution (A)i, mn) are shown in the table below. Ars-III was unsuitable for MLC, as it strongly complexes with La at pH=2-5 and desorbs it from surface of AdPA- and APA-silica. 

In addition, the sodium salts are metastable at best, producing white precipitates unpredictably and thus making formulatory work difficult. (It is also more expensive than ATMP.) HEDP has a sequestration value of 843 mg CaC03/g product at a pH level of 11. The tetrasodium salt has a MW of 294. Examples include Dequest 2010/2016, Mayoquestl500, Phos -6, Briquest ADPA 60A, Unihib 106, and Sequacel HD. 

The reaction of ADPA with acetone led to a solid product, presumably 4-(isopropylamino)diphenylamine (mp 72-76°C), with the hydrogen uptake leveling at 56 minutes. Since the product could not be analyzed by GC, the conversion was calculated from the amount of hydrogen consumed during the reaction. 

Data Sheet ADPA 60A , Oldbury, Albright Wilson, 1977 The anhydrous acid decomposes, often violently, at above 200° C, to give phosphine, phosphoric acid and other products. 

Amination of aromatic nitro compounds is a very important process in both industry and laboratory. A simple synthesis of 4-aminodiphenyl amine (4-ADPA) has been achieved by utilizing a nucleophilic aromatic substitution. 4-ADPA is a key intermediate in the rubber chemical family of antioxidants. By means of a nucleophibc attack of the anilide anion on a nitrobenzene, a o-complex is formed first, which is then converted into 4-nitrosodiphenylamine and 4-nitrodiphenylamine by intra- and intermolecular oxidation. Catalytic hydrogenation finally affords 4-ADPA. Azobenzene, which is formed as a by-product, can be hydrogenated to aniline and thus recycled into the process. Switching this new atom-economy route allows for a dramatic reduction of chemical waste (Scheme 9.9).73 The United States Environmental Protection Agency gave the Green Chemistry Award for this process in 1998.74... 

Fauske, H. K., G. H. Clare, and M. J. Creed, "The Reactive System Screening Tool," ADPA International Joint Symposium, Virginia Beach, VA (1989). 

International Symposium on Ballistics, alle 2 Jahre, Veranstalter ADPA (American Defense Preparedness Association), 1974-1998 (11th) ab Okt. 1997 neuer Name NDIA (National Defense Industrial Association)... 

Reductive alkylation is an efficient method to synthesize secondary amines from primary amines. The aim of this study is to optimize sulfur-promoted platinum catalysts for the reductive alkylation of p-aminodiphenylamine (ADPA) with methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) to improve the productivity of N-(l,3-dimethylbutyl)-N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6-PPD). In this study, we focus on Pt loading, the amount of sulfur, and the pH as the variables. The reaction was conducted in the liquid phase under kinetically limited conditions in a continuously stirred tank reactor at a constant hydrogen pressure. Use of the two-factorial design minimized the number of experiments needed to arrive at the optimal solution. The activity and selectivity of the reaction was followed using the hydrogen-uptake and chromatographic analysis of products. The most optimal catalyst was identified to be l%Pt-0.1%S/C prepared at a pH of 6. 

The synthesis of an N-alkylarylamine by the reductive alkylation of an aromatic primary amine with a ketone is used in the preparation of antioxidants for polymers and rubber. The alkylation of an amine with a ketone is typically carried out in the liquid phase using heterogeneous catalysts such as Pd, Pt, Rh, or Ru supported on carbon (1,2). The reaction of ADPA with MIBK yields an imine, which then is hydrogenated over a Pt or sulfur promoted-Pt catalyst to yield 6-PPD. 

Reactions were carried out in liquid phase in a well-stirred (1000 rpm) high-pressure reactor (Parr Instruments, 300 mL) at 30 bar and 150°C. The reaction mixture consisted of 61 g of ADPA (Acros Chemicals), 53 g MIBK (Acros Chemicals) and 370 mg of catalyst. The test procedures used here is similar to that described earlier by Bartels et al. (7). The reactor was operated at a constant pressure with the liquid phase in batch mode and the hydrogen fed in at a rate proportional to its consumption. The reaction was monitored by hydrogen uptake and the product yield was determined from gas chromatographic (Agilent Technologies, 6890N) analysis. 

The current work clearly establishes that the sulfided Pt catalyst is highly effective for the reductive alkylation of ADPA with MIBK. The most significant parameter that determines the reductive alkylation rate is the Pt/S ratio. 

W.B., and Massis, T. (1994) Chemistry and development of BNCP a novel DDT explosive. Proc. Inti. Symp. on Energetic Materials Technology, ADPA Meeting 450, Orlando, FL, March 21-24, p. 254. 

Proc. Inti Symposium of Energetic Materials Technology, Orlando, FL, March 21-24,1994, ADPA, pp. 265-271. 

H.W., and Leonard, J.A. (1994) Pilot-plant for azido polymers branched gap process and polymers. Proc. Ind Symp. on Energetic Materials Technology, Orlando, Fl., ADPA, March 21-24, 1994, pp. 370-374. 

Munitions Technology Symposium, ADPA, Williamsburg, June 6-9, 1994. 

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